The Life Of Frederick Douglas s Narrative Of The Life Of...

Through literary techniques, authors create stories that are appealing and build on the understanding of their audience, providing them with the tools necessary to bring change within society. This is exhibited in Jacob and Douglass’s narratives as they depict the human relationships between races through their description of the dehumanizing body of slavery. In the novel, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas, set from early to middle 1800s in southern states, Frederick Douglas highlights the brutal aspects of slavery as he transitions into adulthood and seeks to obtain freedom, something that serves as a source of inspiration for former slaves. Similarly in the slave narrative, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Harriet Jacobs depicts Linda’s journey to freeing herself from the powerful grasp of slavery while trying to save her relationships with others at the same time. Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs share their stories in order to present white audi ences with the horrors of slavery and serve as agents for change within society. First Douglass speaks of the factor that deprived him of an education and eventually led him to use literature as the weapon to obtain his freedom from slavery. The first time the contaminating effect appears in the narrative, it is illustrated through Mrs.Auld. When Douglass first meets her, she is unaccustomed to the ways of slavery, and thus, had a completely different character than the whites he previously heldShow MoreRelatedJacobs Douglass: An Insight Into The Experience of The American Slave1019 Words   |  5 PagesThe slave narratives of the ante-bellum time period have come across numerous types of themes. Much of the work concentrates on the underlining ideas beneath the stories. In the narratives, fugitives and ex-slaves appealed to the humanity they shared with their readers during these times, men being lynched and marked all over and women being the subject of grueling rapes. The slave narrative of Frederick Douglas and Harriet Jacobs: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl themes come from the existenceRead MoreThe Great Challenge For Marginalized Writers Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscuss  the narrative strategies these writers use to challenge the status quo.   For example, how do they address their audience and get readers from dominant culture on their side? What stories do they tell about themselves or the experiences of those in their marginalized group, and how and why are these stories effective in challenging dominant culture?    The greatest challenge for marginalized writers is to evoke sympathy and support from white readers in their narratives. Writers hadRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1492 Words   |  6 Pages There are various major themes in â€Å"The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass†. One of the most prominent themes in the book is inequality. The theme is dominant due to its real values in the institution of slavery. The theme not only regularly appears in the narrative but is in so many ways interconnected with other themes such as education. Inequality is the most dominant in the narrative. Douglass attempts to reveal how the African American slaves are just like their white counterparts despiteRead MoreFrederick Douglass And Harriet Jacobs : Two Humans Born Into Slavery1282 Words   |  6 PagesFrederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs: two humans born into slavery. These characters had twistedly abusive masters, forcing them to live in the upmost inhumane way that none, of any era, deserve to endure. Douglass and Jacobs both had an intense passion to be free in a time when freedom depended on the mere color of skin. Their vision was to break the shackles of slavery, to be free, and live free. The vision did not only concern their freedom, but rather, the vision encompassed all fellow slavesRead MoreBeloved by Toni Morrison1455 Words   |  6 Pagessuffered horrifically. Not many slaves knew their mothers because they were torn from their homes. Many slave women were robbed of their innocence by their masters. Behind the face of every slave, there is always a very traumatic unforgettable story which is not something to pass on, but a lesson to remember from repeating same mistake again. Only a handful of slaves learned to read and write, and from their stories we can read the horrors they went through. Slave narratives brings these hardships to lightRead MoreSlavery : A Prominent Source Of The American Economy907 Words   |  4 Pagescentury. It was a major part of the American society in the nineteen century whether you were a slave, slave master, or a white or African American citizen; your life was still influenced by slavery. There were c itizens who favor of slavery and other citizens who were anti-slavery. Slave speeches such as Henry Brown, Harriet Jacobs, and also abolitionist such as William Lloyd Garrison and Fredrick Douglas; made it clear that the existence of slavery brands republicanism as a sham, humanity as a baseRead MoreFrederick Douglass Slavery Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesWhen reading Frederick Douglass, the one question that comes to mind is how did Fredrick Douglas endures slavery? We often wonder why humanity is so cruel in so many ways. In this book, slavery affects both whites and blacks in numerous ways. Slavery was detrimental to the blacks, because the white owners had no one to be held accountable to, which meant they could beat the slaves and abuse them freely and without punishment. The living condition of the slaves was also terrible and they wereRead MoreSlavery And The Slavery Of Slavery Essay1742 Words   |  7 Pagesthemselves war or even used forms of resistance to define a free status. Freedom was more than just being a freeman or freewoman, it was about obtaining citizen and certain rights, not previously obtained. Slaves often were overworked, were separated from loved ones and made wealth possible for their slave masters; they were also tortured by their masters, in an inhumane way. But they often found ways to resist their masters, and the institution of slavery in a subtle or a suicidal way. The visions of freedomRead MoreFrederick Douglas And Solomon Northrup Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesadvocating truths about this institution. Fredrick Douglas and Solomon Northrup shared their life stories where they exposed their experiences as slaves in the Southern world.Slaves holders make several arguments to justify slavery, meanwhile, slaves themselves completely disagree with all the things the masters claim. Violence versus paternalism, true christianity and hypocritical christianity, and the role knowledge and ignorance and whether slaves are truly happily plays are all powerful ideas inRead MoreIncidents During The Life Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs1818 Words   |  8 PagesIncidents in the Life of a Slave Girl Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl by Harriet Jacobs is an Autobiography from the point of view of a southern slave. She has named herself Linda Brent in the book to keep her identity anonymous. The book takes place in between 1820-1840 in which slavery was still legal and common throughout the United States south. The book begins in an unnamed town in the south in which the protagonist was raised in as a slave. Harriet Jacobs wrote the book to shine light

Analysis Of Terry Tempest Williams Why I Write - 1254 Words

Writing may be an enthralling experience for one and a clever way to decompress for another. In general, however, writing has different purposes for a variety of people. â€Å"Why I Write,† written in the late 20th century by Terry Tempest Williams, describes various reasons for writing narrated from a female’s perspective. The short essay begins in the middle of the night with a woman engulfed in her own thoughts. She abruptly goes forth by reciting the multiple reasons why she continues to write in her life. Through a variety of rhetorical devices such as repetition, imagery, analogies, and symbolism, Terry Tempest Williams produces an elegant piece of writing that offers the audience insight into the narrator’s life and forces the audience to have empathy for the narrator with the situation she is incurring. The constant repetition of certain words throughout the entire piece of writing by Williams allows the audience to instantly connect with the narrator, which, in turn, allows the reader to create a more personal relationship with the narrator. The author begins each sentence in the essay with the words: â€Å"I write.† The narrator’s extreme passion towards writing resonates through the abundant use of a single but powerful phrase, â€Å"I write†¦Ã¢â‚¬  which causes the audience to interpret her tone as forceful and ardent toward the subject at hand. Not only does repetition assist in offering the audience a deep connection with the narrator, but it also reiterates the various reasons

Leadership and Learning Free Essays

In his life, the writer of this paper was able to know several leaders who are both supportive and excellent in their own ways of leadership. As a result, the writer decided to take bits of their styles to learn from and implement into his own eclectic style. Yes, basing from experience, even the bad leaders have something to teach the present learning of the new leaders of this era, certainly, they unintentionally show us what not to do. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership and Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now Looking back to reflect on his learning’s has enlightened the author of this paper to a plethora of areas in which the writer himself incorporated small aspects of how each of the leaders in his past have managed their employees and company. The style that the writer has come up with is one that he intends to use to produce quality management in his workplace. As for a fact, quality leadership is very important in almost any organization. The author of this paper thus defines quality leadership, or effective leadership as the innate ability to consistently motivate a staff of employees towards attaining the objective of an envisioned mission statement. However, several books authored by different leaders have many definitions of the term leadership. Within the content of this paper, the writer will illustrate the key components of quality leadership and the approaches that are taken in order to achieve it, including the different leadership styles and managerial traits. The writer will also elaborate on the plan to implement the knowledge that he has gained from the class and how it will benefit organization as well. Where to begin In order to evaluate what styles to implement, the writer needed to determine what theories and approaches would benefit him in upholding the mission statement in his current position. An organization trying to live up to its mission statement needs individuals who are effective and competent leaders. Thus, in order to have good leaders,   an organization has to have a clear and concise vision as to where it wants to be. As stated in the text, â€Å"like definitions of leadership, conceptions of leadership effectiveness differ from one writer to another† (Yukl, 2006, 9). In the writer’s perspective, an effective leader must recognize what is minor and what needs to be strongly improved within the existing management and leadership systems within an organization. In order to attain the level of quality and effectiveness that the organization deems acceptable, certain behaviors must be displayed. These characteristics should be congruent to being more proficient in pursuing and achieving the objectives of the entire organization. The first behavior to be discussed is the participative leadership. This style of leadership works extremely well in a setting such as the correctional facility that the author of this paper is working with. This approach as indicated by the book, â€Å"participative leadership, delegation and empowerment are subjects that bridge the power and behavior approaches to leadership† (Yukl, 2006, 82). This style can be exercised in particular, through engaging oneself in a constant dialogue with his peers, subordinates, administrators, team members, and outside treatment providers. As an effective leader using participative leadership, the writer would continually ask questions, probing all levels of the facility for input to ensure that everyone feels empowered and involved. This particular approach has worked well for the author thus far; as for a fact, it has earned the respect of his subordinates and peers as well towards his position in the organization. Earning respect has created a record of success that has propelled the author into a new position with higher responsibility in the face of uncertainty. Being a participative leader has allowed him a little breathing room in a period of upheaval at his own facility. Using this approach has instilled self-confidence in the writer’s subordinates, making them effective followers (Yukl, 2006, 137). Having effective followers has led to a decline in late night emergency calls, or calls to deal with otherwise trivial issues with a youth or any client that the organization deals with particularly. The staff now being effective followers will take the initiative and make decisions to deal with these trivial issues. Participative leadership is the main ingredient for the writer’s successful management style. There are other contributing factors as well. Creative visioning and creating a verbal picture of expectations, instilling belief in my abilities, and influencing others to commit to maintaining our mission statement are some of the other factors attributed to my success. All these procedures coupled with a willingness to take risks, especially when faced with adversity is the recipe for an environment conducive to efficiency. Power and influence Another area of concentration to becoming a more effective leader would be the area of power and influence. In order for the writer to continue on his path to a successful career, he certainly needs to be open to new ideas, insights, and revelations that can lead to better ways of accomplishing goals. He also needs to have control over the type of power that the writer chooses and thus exercise in actual leadership performance to employ at different times. There are five base types of power in the French and Raven power model, which includes reward, coercive, legitimate, expert, and referent power. Reward power would work in attempting to maintain fidelity in the use of our evidence based curriculum as it would allow the writer the ability to reward staff members who accept the directives that the leader particularly placed on them. It may take the form of praise, cash, a good review, recommendations, choice of the next assignment, or any number of things that encourage the desired behavior from a staff member. Coercive power could prove useful as it is the opposite of reward power, but would be used differently than discipline because it is personal where discipline may not be much applicable enough to improve the organization’s structure. The subordinate can learn from discipline, where coercive power does not provide an opportunity for employee improvement by learning. Coercive power threatens subordinates with something unpleasant or even stressful so that staff will submit to the directives given. This is a power that would be used as little as possible, due to the detrimental effects it has on the respect for the leader. In the daily milieu at the writer’s facility’s legitimate power is very important because this is in compliance of the social conditioning. Most employees have the notion of rank, which is a designation of who has power over whom. This has advantages because it decreases the second-guessing of assignments and directives because employees feel obligated to comply. The next type of power expert power is one that is frequently employed by the author of this paper. This is the power that comes from knowledge and experience that is appropriate for the current situation. For example, a physician has expert power over patients due to the years and years of education, training, and practice that he or she has completed. This same individual may not have expert power in other areas, such as administration or management. Individuals with expert power may need to adjust their approach in situations where they do not have expertise, but are expected to lead. When a problem arises on the living unit and the author of this paper is called in, to make a decision, he enters a situation where he is in a position to use expert power. This is due to his years of experience, and the many training seminars he has attended over the years. This is the reason why this particular leadership power is one of the most effective preferences of the writer. Last but certainly not least is referent power. As a leader with referent power, that author is the one that others refer to In particularly owing mutual respect. This respect comes from a successful record of accomplishment over a period of time involving common interests between individuals. This is why subordinates according to the text, â€Å"comply because he/she admires or identifies with the agent and wants to gain the agent’s approval† (Yukl, 2006, 148). Having a proven record of achievements carries a tremendous amount of influence with subordinates as well as with colleagues. This mutual respect is paramount in having a positive and productive work environment. Having said all of that, the writer finds himself deciding to implement each of these types of power in order to achieve his goal of having an eclectic style of leadership. Now more than ever the writer needs to employ many different approaches and styles into his daily managerial duties. With all of the recent chaos in the writer’s facility, he has found himself behind the eight ball so to speak. The writer feels that it is important to implement all five of the different kinds of power so that he can be proficient in the appropriate use of power and have a positive influence over his subordinates. Gaining and maintaining influence over employees is a difficult task if the leader is not careful. In this situation the writer would have to first visualize specific, measurable and attainable tasks that when achieved, will allow the writer to feel affecting and appreciated by others as being a positive influence. Next, the writer would need to identify the tools, or resources, that he already possesses as an influential leader. These resources would be the factors that assist in displaying my knowledge or power in a situation. Unfortunately, due to modesty and lack of awareness many leaders do not use or are even aware of the internal tools at their disposal. In this case, the writer is well aware of his internal resources to increase his influence positively over my subordinates. Some of the tools that the writer has at his disposal are intelligence, good judgment, knowledge of the industry, past success in institutional settings, and of course charisma. In order to achieve success in using the internal tools the writer has, he would need to use proactive influence tactics (Yukl, 2006, 166). To do this the author of this paper would implement rational persuasion first. This technique involves managing his subordinates using valid, rational reasoning. When addressing employees, the writer would carefully in a clear, unemotional and orderly manner, explain issues, ideas and protocols. Then he would be sure to solicit their questions and concerns, then explain any uncertainties and proposed discrepancies in a manner that they could easily comprehend. Remaining unemotional about the objectives that need to be achieved, the subordinates would come to regard the writer as an effective leader. The Multiple linkage model gives a great starting point for growth. To be a good leader, the author of this paper must know his subordinates and be aware of their abilities, and knowledge of the task. A clear and concise job description needs to be provided for the employees to ensure clarity. As the leader, the writer would need to define the roles of subordinates and direct them on what, how, when and where to do different duties. The need for a set criterion for employees to follow is essential as Max DePree states in his text, â€Å"at times in business, the congruence of principles and practice-or their incongruence-comes sharply into focus† (DePree, 2004, 113). In laymen’s terms the defined guidelines need to be clearly defined and enforced.  Ã‚   Using this style, writer would influence subordinates to internalize the values and beliefs of the organization. Then over a period of time the subordinates would develop the desired skills and traits through choice and training. This, along with the styles, theories and approaches discussed earlier will help the writer to develop into an effective leader who through learning will have a powerful influence over the subordinates under him. Conclusion This course has given the writer many different tools that he can implement at a moment’s notice, to help him become an effective leader in his own organization.   This will have a tremendous impact on his professional life particularly in helping him in continuously upholding his integrity in his profession. This will also help him maintain congruence and consistency in his personal life. The writer has come to realize that there is no secret recipe or any formula to become an effective leader. It is a process of trial and error, successes and failures. Thus, the author of this paper can never stop trying, and with practice, he will certainly increase his chances of success in leadership by absorbing all the information that is passed on to him by other leaders who ought to inspire him continuously. It is important for the writer to remember that no one style of leadership is appropriate for every occasion or situation. In addition, the author of this paper must ensure his awareness of a situation and how others perceive his approach. There must be readiness to choose the leadership style that is the most appropriate for the occasion. When a leader has the proper tools in place to effectively run a department, or facility they can use these tools for guiding the organization towards its mission statement. Since beginning this class my awareness of how remarkable the art of leadership is has grown immensely. The writer can now say without a doubt that he has chosen the correct career path. References: DePree, Max. (2004) Leadership is an art; New York, NY: Random House Inc. Yukl, Gary. (2006) Leadership in Organizations; Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.                How to cite Leadership and Learning, Essay examples

The New Marketing Realities-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Consider the three key forces driving the New Marketing realities. How are they likely to change in the future? What other major trends or forces might affect Marketing? 2.What brands and products do you feel successfully speak to you and effectively target your age group? Why? Which ones do not? What could they do better? Answers: 1.New Marketing Realities In todays business environment, marketplace is continuously changing. Hence, the marketers should join and respond to several important developments, which are occurring in the market. Small and large businesses are impacted by the internal and external environment factors. These environmental factors that the businesses have no control over are taken into consideration while making marketing decisions for creating a correct representation of where the organization stands in marketplace. Present marketplace is in more constant situation of changes than in past decades. With this transformation, there will be some new challenges, opportunities and development of new models and frameworks. The term new market realities state the changes during last 10 years and it is given by Kotler and Keller. The New Marketing Realities is the computerized improvements, creative and innovative and categorized small scale media and markets, which the service the local influent targeted, market nets[1] . There are various forces, which are driving the new marketing realities. These forces have created new marketing opportunities, behaviors and challenges for the market and its people. Due to these forces, the market place today is very different, because it has resulted several new company and consumer capabilities. It has transformed the marketing management significantly. To deal with the effect of this, the organizations look for the right balance of effective methods with discovering new and innovative approaches to attain the marketing excellence[2]. Figure 1: New Market Realities Three of these forces, which are driving new marketing realities, are stated below; Globalization Globalization is a primary process of integration and interaction among companies, people and governments of different countries. It is a force or process that is driven by global trade and investment and supported by advanced information technology. In todays marketplace, several organizations have become dissatisfied with the sales and revenues on domestic level. So, they are making efforts to expand their business in international markets. There are various factors, like; technology advances in the shipping, transportation and communication, which have made it easier for these organizations to expand business and market in, and customers to purchase from, almost any nation all over the world[3]. Traveling to international countries and markets has grown continuously, because most of the people work and operate their business in other countries. Figure 2: Forces driving New Marketing Realities It is creating different market realities and company capabilities. Globalization is the major force that is providing various new opportunities to the companies, like; business expansion, partnership with international organizations etc. It will improve the market geographical reach for promoting the products and services worldwide. Apart from these opportunities, the companies may face some challenges and risks, like; legal risks, political risks, entry barriers etc. Technology Development of technology is one of the major forces that are driving new realities in todays market. There is a significant revolution in the digital technology. This revolution in technology has developed an Information Era, which commits to direct to more precise levels of manufacturing and production, more targeted interactions and more appropriate and competitive pricing. In the terms of marketing, technology is defined as a medium that assists the marketers circulate his/her deliverables to the end users. The best result of bringing in technology has been innovation[4]. This technology has been vibrant throughout right from the television advertisement to internet marketing. Technology is the major factor that assists the organization and marketers in generating new company capabilities like; they can utilize the internet as a most strong channel for information and sales. They can gather the information about the customers, prospects, markets and competitors. Furthermore, thes e marketers can tap into social media to intensify their brand message. Social Responsibility In todays business environment, social responsibility is another force that is driving new marketing realities, because people are becoming very concerned about the welfare of environment and themselves. So, the organization needs to include social responsibility in their practices. In marketing, it is very important as it includes emphasizing on enticing the customers, who wish to make a positive experience with their purchases. There are so many companies, which have implemented social responsibility strategies in marketing process because it assists the community and manufacture the products, which benefit the targeted society[5]. Engaging in corporate social responsibility also offers new company capabilities, like; it will promote the brand image and reputation of the company that can primarily affect profitability and productivity positively. The above given factors may change in the future with new developments. In the future, technology can be improved with the up-gradation and advancements. It may affect the business operations as all of the employees will not be familiar with advanced technology. Under globalization, there may be some challenges, which may force the organization to make changes in global trade[6]. Apart from these factors, there are some other factors, which may impact the marketing, such as; privatization, increased competition, retail transformation, de-regulation, consumer purchasing power etc. 2.Brands and Products, which are successful and not successful in target marketing There are many brands and products, which successfully speak to the people and effectively target the age group. Targeting an appropriate market is very important, when an organization wants to communicate its products to maximum customer base. For this, marketers divide the overall population into different age groups to dividing by targeting the levels of age, needs of different age groups etc. So, these marketers try to manufacture the products, which will be preferred to purchase. They will make efforts to attract the target customers by the products, which can satisfy their desires and needs[7]. In modern business environment, each and every brand targets the different customers market as they provide different benefits accordingly. Here is the discussion about two brands and their products, which are successfully targeted appropriate age groups. First brand is Apple that has offered different premium brands under its different segments, like; iPhones, Mac and iPad, which have successfully covered the people in appropriate age group. The company has introduced its iPhones with IOS operating system and targeted the people with the age group between 18 and 35 years. This age group includes the young people, which cover students and working professionals. The company has also targeted the children as their parents can download and install learning game apps on their devices[8]. The company has successfully introduced its specifications, which were actually aligned with the needs and expectations of targeted market, i.e. youth population. In addition to Apple, Starbucks is another brand, which has successfully placed its products among its target age groups, i.e. students. This company has strategically positioned its outlets and products in the locations, where the students are likely to explore, like; cafes, Universities, college canteens, town centers etc. It has provided its products in the areas, which are arranged and well-established to enhance the social interaction among people. Moreover, the company is offering variety of coffee and other soft drinks, which provides choices to consumers and assists in creating youth uniqueness in choice of coffee and other beverages. Thus, the company was completely successful in targeting this age group and providing the quality services, which were committed by Starbucks in its promotion and advertising campaign[9]. Apart from these products, Xbox 360 is also a home video game, which provides students ability to communicate and play games against friends online and it offe rs the design, iPod and multimedia capabilities to the users. Thus, this was also a very successful product in targeting best suitable market. These above-mentioned players are successful because they are able to understand and fulfill the needs and wants of customers. They implemented effective strategies, so that they could attract the people towards their products. Apart from this, Apple can also be included in the category that is failed in satisfy the target market. It was in the case of its iPod, where company was not able to include the specification required by students and their age group. There are various reasons behind it, like; Apple iPod just represented just as a fashion accessory that has the customizing ability in terms of music and color. It is highly portable and suitable for the high paced lifestyles. The students face the issues as it was not easy to operate. Apple could make their iPod a bit user friendly. For example; Microsoft has an option of folders on window, but iPod has so many sub-levels. Sometimes, students feel it very difficult to search the songs[10]. The company can enhance its marketing by targeting the Generation X in addition to millennia people. It could make the iPod look more professional, so that young professional could use them. Under this category, one more example is of Nokia, which was not able to und erstand the needs and preferences of people and stayed with its older operating system. It just focused on the battery life of its phone more than proving some innovative and entertaining features[11]. The company could do better by conducting market research and understanding the expectations of customers. Thus, the companies were failed to target appropriate market in above specific cases. Bibliography Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R.,Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education, 2015. Buckley, P.J., The contribution of internalisation theory to international business: New realities and unanswered questions.Journal of World Business,51(1), 2016, pp.74-82 Chang, A. 5 Reasons Why Nokia Lost Its Handset Sales Lead And Got Downgraded To 'Junk, 2012, Retrieved From Https://Www.Wired.Com/2012/04/5-Reasons-Why-Nokia-Lost-Its-Handset-Sales-Lead-And-Got-Downgraded-To-Junk/. Gallaugher, J. and Ransbotham, S., Social media and customer dialog management at Starbucks.MIS Quarterly Executive,9(4), 2010. Kotler, P. Keller, K.L., Marketing Management, Pearson Education, Inc. 2012. Leipnik, M.R., Mehta, S.S. and Rajendran, V., Strategic and tactical issues with Apples mobile maps.Mobile Electronic Commerce: Foundations, Development, and Applications, 2014, p.449. Mathieu, B., 3 New marketing Realities to Live By, 2009, Retrieved from https://www.targetmarketingmag.com/article/3-new-marketing-realities-live/. Park, S.A., Consumer health crisis management: Apple's crisis responsibility for iPod-related hearing loss.Public Relations Review,34(4), 2008, pp.396-398. Scott, K., Martin, D.M. and Schouten, J.W,. Marketing and the new materialism.Journal of Macromarketing,34(3), 2014, pp.282-290. Sheth, J.N. and Sisodia, R.S.,Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge, 2015. Venkatraman, V., Dimoka, A., Pavlou, P.A., Vo, K., Hampton, W., Bollinger, B., Hershfield, H.E., Ishihara, M. and Winer, R.S., Predicting advertising success beyond traditional measures: New insights from neurophysiological methods and market response modeling.Journal of Marketing Research,52(4), 2015, pp.436-452. Wind, Y.J., Toward a new marketing paradigm.The Routledge Companion to the Future of Marketing, 2014, pp.3-24 P. Kotler and K.L. Keller, Marketing Management, Pearson Education, Inc. 2012. G. Armstrong, P. Kotler, M. Harker and R. Brennan, Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education, 2015. B. Mathieu, 3 New marketing Realities to Live By, 2009, Retrieved from https://www.targetmarketingmag.com/article/3-new-marketing-realities-live/. K. Scott, D.M. Martin, and J.W. Schouten, Marketing and the new materialism.Journal of Macromarketing,34(3), 2014, pp.282-290. Y.J. Wind, Toward a new marketing paradigm.The Routledge Companion to the Future of Marketing, 2014, pp.3-24. J.N. Sheth and R.S. Sisodia, Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge, 2015. J. Gallaugher, and S. Ransbotham, Social media and customer dialog management at Starbucks.MIS Quarterly Executive,9(4), 2010. M.R. Leipnik, S.S. Mehta, and V. Rajendran, Strategic and tactical issues with Apples mobile maps.Mobile Electronic Commerce: Foundations, Development, and Applications, 2014, p.449. J. Gallaugher, and S. Ransbotham, Social media and customer dialog management at Starbucks.MIS Quarterly Executive,9(4), 2010. S.A. Park, Consumer health crisis management: Apple's crisis responsibility for iPod-related hearing loss.Public Relations Review,34(4), 2008, pp.396-398. V. Venkatraman et al, Predicting advertising success beyond traditional measures: New insights from neurophysiological methods and market response modeling.Journal of Marketing Research,52(4), 2015, pp.436-452. A. Chang, 5 Reasons Why Nokia Lost Its Handset Sales Lead And Got Downgraded To 'Junk, 2012, Retrieved From Https://Www.Wired.Com/2012/04/5-Reasons-Why-Nokia-Lost-Its-Handset-Sales-Lead-And-Got-Downgraded-To-Junk/.

Modernization and Nationalism in South Korea free essay sample

Is it possible to preserve traditional Korean culture as South Korea continues to modernize and Westernize? In the 21st century, modernity is often equated with capitalism-industrialization, though the concept is more complex than that. The idea of modernity can be defined on sociological, political and cultural platforms. Modernity is a powerful notion, a departure from tradition; driven by political, social and economic developments. It is the acceptance that progress is inevitable. Because this departure from conventional, cultural practices is essential to the implementation of modernization, many societies have struggled with breaking from tradition in an effort to modernize, to varying degrees of success. The difficulties to preserve culture while modernizing has been particularly prevalent in eastern Asian cultures especially those that have been affected by the deeply conservative thinking of Confucianism after they adopted the concept from the post-feudal West. Emerging countries such as South Korea are especially burdened by trying to strike a happy balance between their traditional culture versus the prospects of modernization. We will write a custom essay sample on Modernization and Nationalism in South Korea or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Couple this with Confucianism plus the Korean peninsulas self-imposed policy of isolationism in previous centuries, which resulted in limited contact with foreign innovation and one would expect South Korea to struggle bitterly to modernize while maintaining its traditional customs. However, tools such as Korean Nationalism, the influence of Confucianism and the impact of the Japanese occupation of the Korean peninsula enable Korean society to better preserve and protect their culture while entering the modern world as a dynamic nation. South Korean culture can be tough for an outsider to grapple with. Though it has imported Chinese elements, it has also been shaped by the nation’s unique experiences with shamanism. If you just skim the surface, it is a very Westernized place. The youth has wholeheartedly embraced globalization. If you take away the signs in hangul script, parts of Seoul could be mistaken for New York, London, or Berlin. Though South Korea has adopted elements from other cultures, they are determined to preserve their own. Many of the unspoken rules that govern daily interactions have not been changed from centuries past, come from the Chinese ethical/philosophical system Confucianism, which Korea adopted when it was a member of the Sinosphere. Followers of Confucianism, are governed by a system of virtues. Filial piety (? ; xiao) is considered among the greatest of these virtues. It must be shown to the living as well as the dead, hence ancestor worship, which is called jesa ( ) in Korean. Ancestor worship contributed to the conservative thought of Confucianism. Cultures that engage in ancestor worship are going to be conservative. They will not find new things attractive because that will challenge the ancestors. In contrast, Westerners perceive change as natural. Without the weight of a continuous history and the conservation of Confucianism, Westerners seemed more likely to look ahead. Western view of the future expected tangible, long-term progress. Western history is more fluid. Unlike its neighbor China, Korea’s history is not a trap. It is not a set of rigid traditions that prevent the country from modernizing, but Koreans are intent on protecting and passing on their culture. Having a conservative ideology at the core of society such as Confucianism will ultimately help protect Korean culture. Korean ethnic nationalism ( ) a political ideology and a form of ethnic identity that is prevalent in modern Korea is another way Korean society is guaranteeing that Korean culture is preserved. It is based on the belief that Koreans share a unified bloodline as well as a distinct culture. It is centered around the idea of minjok ( ), which can be translated to â€Å"nation†. The majority of the Korean population continues to identify itself as â€Å"one people† (danil minjok; ) joined by a common bloodline, ethnicity, linguistics, a shared history,etc. An ethnically defined Korea continues to gives Koreans a stimulus to national pride, and feeds hopes for the reunification of the Korean peninsula. The movement places emphasis on traditional Korean customs. Advocates wants to ensure that the next generation continues to preserve plus pass on these conventions. Korean ethnic nationalism reached its peak during the biggest threat to Korean culture in the past century. Not modernization, but the Japanese occupation of the peninsula from 1910 to 1945. During the occupation, the Japanese enacted policies trying to stomp out Korean language and culture, replacing it with Japanese language and culture. This includes censoring newspapers, prohibitions on Korean language, distortion of Korean history, relocation of cultural artifacts to Japan, Japanese-centered education, altering public monuments and so on. In general, the awareness of Korean history among Koreans declined substantially during this period; the new generation grew up with little or no awareness of their own heritage. The Japanese altered Korean history to justify their occupation of the peninsula to the international community by painting the Koreans as backwards and in desperate need of modernization. This was possible in part because Korea had sealed itself off from outside contact for centuries. Resentment of the harsh treatment of Koreans eventually led to a revival of Korean nationalism, including in-depth research projects into the standardization of Hangul and Korean culture. Historically, the central objectives of Koreas nationalist movement were the advancement and protection of Koreas ancient culture and national identity from influence. The nationalist movement was very dedicated to the restoration and preservation of Koreas traditional culture. The impact of the Japanese occupation has resulted in the nationalist movement and its attitude towards Korean culture still being very prevalent in modern Korean society. When the Japanese occupation ended, Korean nationalism was still strong, even after the division of the peninsula. Taking the lead from the West, South Korea began the process of modernizing, adopting Western ideology along the way. The results have been astonishing: Korea has been able to modernize and enter the 21st with a booming, dynamic economy. The adoption of a democracy as well as the capitalist system in the late 50s did wonders for the economy which took major economic leaps in the 80s. South Korea used to have a smaller GDP than some of the poorest countries in Asia, mostly due to the Japanese occupation during World War II, but became one of the four â€Å"Asian Tigers† and boosts one of the most booming economies in the world (#13). The nation is occasionally inaccurately thought to be poor and technologically ‘backward’, which, understandably, annoys the locals no end. South Koreans ake great pains to refer to their country as â€Å"Korea,† with no geographic distinction. In their minds, using the term â€Å"South Korea† gives legitimacy to the totalitarian doppelganger across the border. Nowhere else in the world is there a homogeneous group of people so starkly divided by ideology. South Koreans strongly believe in democracy as well as freedom. They are not so weighed down by Conf ucian values borrowed from the Chinese that they can not adopt Western political systems while still respecting their own traditions and conventions. South Koreans talk about freedom, the notion of democracy and capitalism the way many Westerners do. Koreans are proud of their country, as indicated by the strong nationalism movement, though they still take great pains to maintain their culture while modernizing. The preservation of culture can be attributed to the Korean ethnic nationalism movement, Confucian values and the peninsulas history with Japan. The lives of Koreans continue to be swayed by traditions, beliefs and rituals that outsiders might find outdated or confusing. While the country establishes itself as an affluent democracy and boosts its engagement with the outside world, its traditional culture and national identity will be preserved and protected. Works Cited primary: Hessler, Peter. Oracle Bones. New York: HarperCollins, 2006. Print. This book documents Hessler’s first-hand account of East Asia, especially China. He serves as a journalist in Beijing and travels all over the subregion, trying to explain East Asia’s past and future. I cannot say enough good things about this book, however it is biased against Marxism and the CCP. Hessler says that â€Å"[Chinese intellectuals] adopted the worst of Western systems (such as Marxism). † Hessler refrains from giving his opinion about Mao and the communist regime however he his largely sympathetic towards the victims of the Cultural Revolution he interviews/researchers and some of his writing tends to paint Mao (and other communist leaders) in a negative light. He is in China during then-President Bush’s visit to China/South Korea and seems to imply that Bush does not understand Asia, especially China. Whether or not this is an accurate statement can be debated, but these are several however minor) examples of Hessler not being as objective as he could. Kim, Mun-ju. Saeroun Sahoe Rul Yonun Sangsangnyok. Soul-si: Sidae ui Ch? ang, 2006. Print. The title translates loosely to Opening A New Social Imagination†. As far as I know, there is no official English translation, so I had to translate sections. A Seattle Public Library employee had told me would be helpful when I checked out the book (I copied the characters into a word document using a Korean keyboard and then consulted dictionaries/a friend who is fluent). The book is written by a South Korean. In general, their stance is very radical and they are especially critical of the North Korean government, claiming they are â€Å"holding the nation back from creating a more progressive society. † Cummings, Bruce. Korean Society: Civil society, democracy and the state. 2006, Print. This book covers Korean society in relation to democracy, freedom, and other Western beliefs. As the title may indicate, this book is very against the North Korean regime (especially the communist system). It makes a quick jab at the North Korean government, claiming it is â€Å"backwards† and will collapse eventually . Chang, Jung, and Jon Halliday. Mao: The Unknown Story. New York: Knopf, 2005. Print. This biography was compiled after 10 years of research and the consultation of many archives world-wide. I read it to increase my knowledge of the East Asian political climate during the Korean War/Korea-Sino relations (the index for ‘Korea’ in the back of the book was very long so I figured it was worth a read). Not only did it provide little help for my paper, but it is so biased that it cannot be taken seriously. All history is biased, but some history is more biased than others. This book is a perfect example of the latter. The writing doesnt even try to be fair and frequently takes things out of context to paint Mao as some horrible, diabolical monster. One detail that sticks out is when one of the authors states that, because Mao failed to bow to a CCP superior, he is apparently â€Å"thuggish†. The prose is sloppy and comes off like the authors have some grade-school vendetta against Mao. The man wasnt a saint, but when writing a biography one needs to be objective. Dirlik, Arif. â€Å"Modernity as history: post-revolutionary China, globalization and the question of modernity† Social History. January 2002. This article is exactly what it says on the tin: China, globalization, modernity. The article seems to agree with the idea that ‘history traps countries and prevents them from modernizing’ , and he subtly advocates for Mao’s Cultural Revolution. Eckert, Carter. Koreas Transition to Modernity, A Will to Greatness: Historical Perspectives on Contemporary East Asia. This is a short essay in a compilation of essays on East Asia. It talks about both Koreas and their attempts at modernization, praising South Korea and lambasting North Korea for its failures. It paints the country as backwards and implies that modernization could solve all of North Korea’s problems. Gi-Wook Shin, Ethnic Nationalism in Korea: Genealogy, Politics, and Legacy. Stanford University Press, 2006. This book explores nationalism in Korea in the past and present. The author admits that the Japanese occupation is a touchy topic for them, but the Japanese are still portrayed ruthlessly in relation to the rise in the Korean nationalism. Macdonald, Donald Stone. The Koreans: Contemporary Politics and Society. 2nd ed. Boulder: Westview, 1990. Print. This book covers contemporary Korean politics while covering details of the past. It has many pictures and a great bibliography. The author paints the Japanese in a horrible light, calling them barbaric. The book also hardly criticizes the North Korean regime, implying that it is oppressing Korean culture. Rostow, Walter. Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto. Cambridge University Press, 1960. Print. This book uses South Korea and its implementation of capitalism as one of its main points. At the title indicates, it is very biased against communism and criticizes North Korea, the Soviet Union, etc. Suh, Kuk-sung, Young-soo Kim, Il-sung Park, Jeong-soo Lee, and Se-jin Lee. The Identity of the Korean People: A History of Legitimacy on the Korean Peninsula. Seoul, Korea: Research Center for Peace and Unification, 1983. Print. This book deals with a myriad of subjects, summarizing what unites the Korean people. Because this book is written by so many people, I thought it would be difficult to find a bias, but the narrative is highly critical of the North Korean regime, claiming that â€Å"democracy and freedom† are integral parts of Korean history. There is a chapter of the legitimacy of South Korea, but not one about the North, ignoring the North’s sovereignty. Yi, Ki-baek. A New History of Korea. Cambridge, MA: Published for the Harvard-Yenching Institute by Harvard UP, 1984. Print. This book is a giant history of Korea. I only read the sections about the Japanese occupation, which, predictably, portrays the Japanese as horrible monsters and occasionally exaggerates the plight of the Koreans, calling any form of violence (even self-defense) by the Japanese â€Å"unnecessary†. The author essentially presents a Koreanized version of all history that occurred on the peninsula.

The Impact of Diversity on the Effectiveness of Leadership

The Impact of Diversity on the Effectiveness of Leadership It is imperative for today’s leaders to take into consideration issues of diversity in the engagement and promotion of personnel in the modern workplace. Leaders must embrace and examine critically, the impact of workers from diverse cultures and how they interact to increase productivity and profitability in an organization. It is evident that an organization can benefit from fostering attitudes of cultural sensitivity, tolerance and acceptance of diversity because diversity increases the success of an organization.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Impact of Diversity on the Effectiveness of Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In summation, effective leadership should be conceptualized as a shared connection that takes into account what happens between and among people and consequently, leaders have the obligation to embrace diversity to create a viable roadmap for the future. The author of the article puts forward convincing arguments in support of the positive impacts of diversity on the effectiveness of leadership. The author proposes that because of the impact of globalization, organizations will need to fully utilize the potential of all their employees from different cultural and ethnic backgrounds by fully engaging them in all aspects of the organization. This diversity will enable the organization to adequately reflect the communities and customers that they serve. In my experience, this assertion is accurate. To illustrate this, Kellogg’s Company is an organization that has fully embraced diversity by setting up a comprehensive diversity program that addresses the needs of the numerous employees from diverse backgrounds. The company focuses on the hiring and promotion of qualified personnel from perceived minority groups. (Diversity and Inclusion 1) Moreover, Kellogg’s is a global brand that has a diverse and global customer base and this pro gram enables the company to adequately reflect these customers and the communities that they market their products to. In the article, the author further proposes that in future, organizations will be required to adopt a more inclusive orientation that recognizes the importance of everyone in the organization and the fact that they can all contribute in one way or another to greater success in the organization. This proposal that workplace diversity can lead to increased success in the organization is in my experience, fundamentally correct. To substantiate this claim, McDonald’s which is considered the world’s leading fast food chain is a hallmark of diversity. The company has employees from all the 119 countries in which they operate.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Inclusivity and diversity in the company is also evident in the companyâ €™s chief executives, board of directors, suppliers and employee base (Pride, 2010). McDonald’s by virtue of being the world’s leading fast food chain is very profitable, it is possible to theorize that, the diversity of the company has substantial influence on this factor. This illustration serves to show that embracing diversity can result in greater productivity and profitability in an organization. Sourcing an article for this assignment was not particularly difficult seeing that they are numerous articles about the subject that are available. The large number of articles was both an advantage and a challenge in terms of selecting the most suitable one for this assignment. The search technique that I used involved a search of the EBSCO host search engine in the global library. The results were specific to the topic presented. I then selected this article on the basis of its relevance to the topic. Moreover, I chose it because I found it to be interesting and it contained valid information. References Kellogg’s. (2011). Diversity and Inclusion. Web. Pride, W. M. Hughes, R. J. Kapoor, J. R. (2010). Business. USA: Cengage Learning Inc

Pesticides Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pesticides - Essay Example Pesticides would also ensure that stored food, especially cereals, stay for long periods without any destruction from probable pests. However, the consequence of this is devastating. The chemicals used in the pesticides, though not poisonous to man on instant use, would accumulate in the body, posing risks such as developing such deadly diseases like cancer. Levine (2007) says that pesticides are not harmful to human beings, but excessive use of foods that have elements of the chemicals are harmful to the body. The danger may not be instant, but the negative impact would surely come. Genetically modified foods are equally unsafe. The fact that they increase food productivity notwithstanding, the modification makes them unsafe. This modification interferes with the normal arrangement of the DNA in the food. The body depends on the food we eat for various processes. By taking in food that is genetics modified, chances are that the body might assimilate this manipulated genetics, a fact that can result in a person giving birth in abnormal children. Pesticides and genetically modified foods should completely be