Dance Injury - Hamstrings Essay Example for Free

Move Injury Hamstrings Essay Move is a work of art. Proficient artists pride themselves for having the option to communicate muddled feelings through the imaginative understanding of developments. Like games, artists are extremely inclined to physical injury, that is, their work requires exceptional physical preparing in which regularly bring about mellow or serious wounds. This exposition will endeavor to research and comprehend what is the hamstring strain or tear injury, how it happens, and approaches to forestall such injury. A move piece is established with an assortment of developments showed by the human body. One of the essential elements of the skeletal framework is to offer help and shape while the solid framework is to give a scope of developments by moving the various appendages of the body. In this manner, the kinesiology muscle of an artist that coordinates the leg into astonishing moves is confounded. The hamstring muscle bunch comprise of three muscle; the Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, and the Semimembranosus. The hamstring muscle bunch is situated at the rear of the thigh. As indicated by â€Å"The Anatomy of Exercise and Movement†, the Bicep Femoris is the biggest and generally horizontal of the three hamstring muscles. It has ‘the long head’ and ‘the short head’ making it a bicep muscle. Its main role is to contract, subsequently helping in hip outward pivot. With respect to the next two hamstring muscles, the Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus are totally synergistic, doing likewise activities together. Working at the hip, the two muscles expand and are dynamic in inward turn (pg.144). Every one of the three muscles in the hamstring muscle bunch have a similar beginning, which is the Ischial Tuberosity, otherwise called the sitz bone, arranged at the base of the pelvis bone. Despite the fact that the F asdf hamstring muscle bunch have same inceptions, each muscle has an alternate inclusion, the Bicep Femoris; the head of Fibula (bone) and the parallel of Tibia (bone), Semitendinosus; proximal of Tibia, average to Tebial Tuberosity, Semimembranosus; Tibia. The hamstring muscle bunch helps in expanding the leg in reverse and twisting the knees. Subsequently, this particular gathering muscle helps in delivering move developments to be specific ‘plies’, ‘passe’, ‘attitude devant’, and ‘arabesqueâ €™. The hamstring strain or tear injury can be a force, a halfway tear or a total tear of the muscle. The strain or tear is to be found at the pinnacle of prolongation speed while creating developments. This injury happens when the hamstring muscle bunch is ‘strain’ past its ordinary length while delivering a specific unusual constriction development. A strain or tear can likewise happen when the muscles are tested with an abrupt burden or work to deliver a development or a few developments. â€Å"A basic issue in artists is awkwardness or asymmetry that can bring about hamstring injury. The unevenness could be solid or structural.† (livestrong.com). A case of such irregularity is the point at which an artist is hitting the dance floor with an inclined pelvis. This can result to an over accentuation on the quadriceps muscles and just extending the hamstring bunch muscles. Livestrong.com keep on naming a rundown of reason how the hamstring bunch muscle can be harmed wh en an artist overstretches and ‘overuse injury’. Overstretching is by all accounts conflicting, as a component of being an artist is to be adaptable. Most artists have a comparative outlook. In the event that the leg augmentation isn't long or sufficiently high when performing developments, for example, a ‘battement’; the individual in question basically needs to loosen up the snugness. This activity can result to extreme muscle strain. Thus, the ‘overuse injury’ can happen essentially from chipping away at a particular move procedure or move development for a really long time. Without appropriate quality in the hamstrings, and rest for the muscles, the hamstrings experience persistent pressure and this can bring about tears and exhaustion (livestrong.com). There are different variables which improve the probability of enduring a hamstring strain or tear injury. Age, adaptability of the hamstring muscle gathering, just as sleepiness and absence of wellness are to be specific a portion of the contributing c omponents to this injury. The hamstring strains or tear can be reviewed by the seriousness of the injury. Evaluation 1 comprises of minor tears inside the muscle. An evaluation 2 is a halfway tear in the muscle and grade 3 is an extreme or complete crack of the muscle (sportsinjuryclinic.net). The side effects of an evaluation 1 hamstring strain are; the harmed artist may feel a slight draw or snugness and insignificant growing in the back thigh. Therefore, the person will know about slight inconvenience when strolling. Following on, grade 2 hamstring strains or tears might be related with intermittent abrupt twinges of agony while delivering a development. Thus, walk will be influenced and limping might be available. Also, flexing and applying strain to the knees may cause torment. Consequently, an artist with grade 2 hamstring strain or tears may be not able to completely fix the knees. At last, strolling will be seriously hindered in an evaluation 3 hamstring tear coming about to the need of strolling help s. An artist will feel extreme torment especially while creating a knee flexion. Notwithstanding all that is notice, an evaluation 2 and 3 hamstring strain or tear may by implication influence one’s stance. This is a consequence of motivations moved by the sensory system from the hamstring muscle gathering to the Central Nervous System (CNS). The CNS comprises of the spinal line and the mind, transmitting motivations from the spinal line to the cerebrum. There are 5 sets of sacral plexus in the spinal rope, containing four sacral nerves, which branch out, providing tactile to the muscles connected to the pelvis, posterior, and part of the lower appendages. The sciatic nerve, which branches out from the sacral plexus, is the longest nerve of the body and is liable for the agony related with the hamstring bunch muscle. â€Å"The nerve gracefully gets obstructed by overabundance weight or harm and agony, is knowledgeable about the hips and rump down through the knee to the ankle.â €  (A Holistic Guide to Anatomy and Physiology, 2006, pg.213). It is fundamentally significant that treatment for a pulled hamstring begins right away. The most significant stage for treatment is the initial 48 hours post-injury. Treatment of hamstring strains or tears will shift contingent upon the sort of injury, its seriousness, and the requirements and desires for the patient. Be that as it may, treatment can be commonly isolated into two kinds; Non-Surgical treatment and Surgical Treatment. Most hamstring strains mend very well with straightforward non-careful medicines strategies, for example, R.I.C.E, an abbreviation for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. An artist who is encountering a hamstring strain should take rest, and stay away from exercises that strain the muscle gathering. Likewise, the person in question ought to apply cold packs a few times each day on the stressing region yet not straightforwardly onto the skin. Additionally, the patient should wear a versatile band for pressure to maintain a strategic distance from all the more growing and blood lost. To lessen growing, the person in question ought to lean back, hoisting the leg over the heart level. After R.I.C.E, artists who wish to restore from a hamstring strain ought to get active recuperation medicines to reestablish the scope of movement and quality. Careful treatment is regularly performed for ligament separation wounds, where the ligament has pulled totally away from the bone. Like medicines, the term for a full recuperation from a hamstring strain and tear injury differ contingent upon its seriousness. An evaluation 1 injury will most likely take seven to ten days, an evaluation 2 injury will take four to about a month and a half anyway an evaluation 3 injury can take up to at least 4 months. â€Å"One of the most significant strategies for forestalling a pulled hamstring is to heat up accurately. This has been deductively demonstrated to diminish the danger of hamstring strain.†(sportsinjuryclinic.net). Warm-ups ought to bit by bit increment in force. Also, most artists frequently neglect to comprehend the significance of fortifying activities. Artists center a lot around extending the muscle, stretching yet making it week and incapable to help the scope of movement when moving. Boyd Bender, a physical specialist for the Pacific Northwest Ballet expressed to fortify the hamstring muscle gathering, artists ought to likewise reinforce the quadriceps muscle gathering. This is on the grounds that these muscle bunches work in show. Whenever prepared effectively, the quality proportion ought to be 60% of quadriceps muscle gathering and 40% of hamstring muscle gathering, with each muscle bunch supporting and supplementing each other to forestall wounds. (findarticles.com). On move method classes, artists ought to likewise include Pilates and Gyrotonic class for elements of stretch, quality, and development for a balanced routine. Artists ought to likewise incorporate extending groups while rehearsing method. With the utilization of extending groups like Thera-Band, artists refine their method as well as fortify their muscle gatherings. The body is the instrument for an artist. Each artist should expect to accomplish ideal limit of their body through warm-ups, body molding, strategy classes, extending and chill off. Taking everything into account, artists ought to never work their body wildly. Like all instruments, it ought to be refined and all around dealt with.

Musical journey Essay Example For Students

Melodic excursion Essay Its demonstrate that-Fakir Allan Shahs individuals are fiend to Marijuana/r and never adequate to Fakir Allan Shah. Just hence He kicked out Bolo Shah/est.. In any case, everywhere throughout the world individuals take it for various reason Sometimes as medication for outrageous agony. - (carefully disallowed) That implies you can not rehearse/Marmot/infection with out the absolute most criminal hypocrites?â ¬, supposed logician professional are flowing this thing and a portion of the counter Muslim individuals are doing this legislative issues, which is concealed for us. Just consequently why terrible individuals are gathering there in Skittish And they do-1. Legislative issues 2. Ann-communism 3. Medications Business 4. Prostitution 5. Snatch Poor experts Fish of Kali Gang (which is poor valuable professionals allocation). Furthermore, they kick out unique Suffix from Allan Molar Shari Skittish. Indeed, even they dont get the Fish of Kali Gang which is distributed for the Suffix who will remain at the Allan Molar Shari But now a days remain at Allan Molar Shari Skittish is likewise an intense thing. On the off chance that you have force, Dishonesty and a gave provider of high schooler young ladies, which they take from poor townspeople can just endure and this occurred by close family members. To a destitute family telling this-we will make your Daughter or Sister a perceived well Allan Singer. Their family observe wanders off in fantasy land that their kid will be an incredible vocalist one day and they won't poor. Be that as it may, after that they take these young ladies and SE them for inconspicuous prostitution. Which devastated this young ladies life and these young ladies annihilated the others. Their family will never realize what was occurred with their youngster behind this. A few young ladies are wrecked and they never become an artist. A well known Proverb goes on, That is A families foe is the, primary key for Disaster/The name Bolo Shah/G*1 is this way. Presently a days NewBolo Shah/GIWIST is acting like that occasions unique Old Bolo Shah-GU People trim this alleged misrepresentation professional long hair for any sort of crimes and he did extremely intense wrongdoing that is, he sell around 600 underground tune to (l dont need to specify the name) a gathering with no consent. Which is a Non-Mercy wrongdoing. In running of time this name will do most abhorred thing and individuals will know this name as But the great specialist consistently keep a good ways from it. They do rehearse at the opposite side of the existence where no individuals will see just the exchange of word and Deep Meditation called-remote association with in Marmot/Many of the great professional I talked, they are not going there in Skittish. UT they are as yet rehearsing and they can meet with Fakir Allan Shah in their Dreams. I am doing whatever it takes not to give any Bad effect for This sight. Be that as it may, its occur. In this way, we need to mindful about this. Else we individuals, who are rehearsing this Marmot/IVR-Zebu will be disappeared/Titration:GTAG soon. Just the Skeleton of the Allan Molar Shari left. Not many years after it will likewise destroyed. As indicated by Allan; Alibi is Allah, Mim letter is Ursula Lam has double implications One is in Shari Another significance in Mart. Fakir Allan Shahs Philosophy for all, there is no limit

Concentration Choice at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Concentration Choice at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog One of the questions that has been popping up in our email in box has to do with the choice of concentration at SIPA.   You can think of your concentration as your major field of study.   Many applicants are worried that they must stick with the concentration selected when the admission application was filled out.   This is not the case. We do look for focus in an admission application and the concentration choice often will influence how a file is read.   For example, if someone selects International Finance and Economic Policy on the admission application we do look for evidence of some pretty serious quantitative study and/or work experience due to the fact that this concentration is quantitatively heavy. However, we also realize that when admitted applicants enroll and speak with faculty, take some classes, interact with second year students, and attend events, ones career or academic focus might shift and we want to be flexible and allow students to choose the pathway that is best for their professional goals.   Often this insight only comes after actually enrolling and spending time at SIPA. Thus it is perfectly acceptable to change your concentration when you register for classes in the fall.   There is no formal process, you simply must choose a concentration when you register.   There is also no firm time line to finalize your choice, however the longer you wait, the more precarious completing the requirements becomes. The counseling students receive will thus encourage you to be firm with your concentration choice sometime during your first year, and the sooner the better so that you may shape your class schedule and internships.   All of our program requirements must be completed in four semesters and deciding early will help alleviate pressure over time by narrowing your class choices. So there is no need to worry about sticking to the concentration selected on the admission application.   At Orienation new students will have the opportunity to hear faculty speak about the different options and the concentration choice will be made when you register.   If you need to change again when you register for the second semester you may, but again the more focused and certain you are, the more you will be able to gain from the program.

The Life Of Frederick Douglas s Narrative Of The Life Of...

Through literary techniques, authors create stories that are appealing and build on the understanding of their audience, providing them with the tools necessary to bring change within society. This is exhibited in Jacob and Douglass’s narratives as they depict the human relationships between races through their description of the dehumanizing body of slavery. In the novel, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas, set from early to middle 1800s in southern states, Frederick Douglas highlights the brutal aspects of slavery as he transitions into adulthood and seeks to obtain freedom, something that serves as a source of inspiration for former slaves. Similarly in the slave narrative, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Harriet Jacobs depicts Linda’s journey to freeing herself from the powerful grasp of slavery while trying to save her relationships with others at the same time. Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs share their stories in order to present white audi ences with the horrors of slavery and serve as agents for change within society. First Douglass speaks of the factor that deprived him of an education and eventually led him to use literature as the weapon to obtain his freedom from slavery. The first time the contaminating effect appears in the narrative, it is illustrated through Mrs.Auld. When Douglass first meets her, she is unaccustomed to the ways of slavery, and thus, had a completely different character than the whites he previously heldShow MoreRelatedJacobs Douglass: An Insight Into The Experience of The American Slave1019 Words   |  5 PagesThe slave narratives of the ante-bellum time period have come across numerous types of themes. Much of the work concentrates on the underlining ideas beneath the stories. In the narratives, fugitives and ex-slaves appealed to the humanity they shared with their readers during these times, men being lynched and marked all over and women being the subject of grueling rapes. The slave narrative of Frederick Douglas and Harriet Jacobs: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl themes come from the existenceRead MoreThe Great Challenge For Marginalized Writers Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscuss  the narrative strategies these writers use to challenge the status quo.   For example, how do they address their audience and get readers from dominant culture on their side? What stories do they tell about themselves or the experiences of those in their marginalized group, and how and why are these stories effective in challenging dominant culture?    The greatest challenge for marginalized writers is to evoke sympathy and support from white readers in their narratives. Writers hadRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1492 Words   |  6 Pages There are various major themes in â€Å"The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass†. One of the most prominent themes in the book is inequality. The theme is dominant due to its real values in the institution of slavery. The theme not only regularly appears in the narrative but is in so many ways interconnected with other themes such as education. Inequality is the most dominant in the narrative. Douglass attempts to reveal how the African American slaves are just like their white counterparts despiteRead MoreFrederick Douglass And Harriet Jacobs : Two Humans Born Into Slavery1282 Words   |  6 PagesFrederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs: two humans born into slavery. These characters had twistedly abusive masters, forcing them to live in the upmost inhumane way that none, of any era, deserve to endure. 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The book begins in an unnamed town in the south in which the protagonist was raised in as a slave. Harriet Jacobs wrote the book to shine light

Analysis Of Terry Tempest Williams Why I Write - 1254 Words

Writing may be an enthralling experience for one and a clever way to decompress for another. In general, however, writing has different purposes for a variety of people. â€Å"Why I Write,† written in the late 20th century by Terry Tempest Williams, describes various reasons for writing narrated from a female’s perspective. The short essay begins in the middle of the night with a woman engulfed in her own thoughts. She abruptly goes forth by reciting the multiple reasons why she continues to write in her life. Through a variety of rhetorical devices such as repetition, imagery, analogies, and symbolism, Terry Tempest Williams produces an elegant piece of writing that offers the audience insight into the narrator’s life and forces the audience to have empathy for the narrator with the situation she is incurring. The constant repetition of certain words throughout the entire piece of writing by Williams allows the audience to instantly connect with the narrator, which, in turn, allows the reader to create a more personal relationship with the narrator. The author begins each sentence in the essay with the words: â€Å"I write.† The narrator’s extreme passion towards writing resonates through the abundant use of a single but powerful phrase, â€Å"I write†¦Ã¢â‚¬  which causes the audience to interpret her tone as forceful and ardent toward the subject at hand. Not only does repetition assist in offering the audience a deep connection with the narrator, but it also reiterates the various reasons

Leadership and Learning Free Essays

In his life, the writer of this paper was able to know several leaders who are both supportive and excellent in their own ways of leadership. As a result, the writer decided to take bits of their styles to learn from and implement into his own eclectic style. Yes, basing from experience, even the bad leaders have something to teach the present learning of the new leaders of this era, certainly, they unintentionally show us what not to do. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership and Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now Looking back to reflect on his learning’s has enlightened the author of this paper to a plethora of areas in which the writer himself incorporated small aspects of how each of the leaders in his past have managed their employees and company. The style that the writer has come up with is one that he intends to use to produce quality management in his workplace. As for a fact, quality leadership is very important in almost any organization. The author of this paper thus defines quality leadership, or effective leadership as the innate ability to consistently motivate a staff of employees towards attaining the objective of an envisioned mission statement. However, several books authored by different leaders have many definitions of the term leadership. Within the content of this paper, the writer will illustrate the key components of quality leadership and the approaches that are taken in order to achieve it, including the different leadership styles and managerial traits. The writer will also elaborate on the plan to implement the knowledge that he has gained from the class and how it will benefit organization as well. Where to begin In order to evaluate what styles to implement, the writer needed to determine what theories and approaches would benefit him in upholding the mission statement in his current position. An organization trying to live up to its mission statement needs individuals who are effective and competent leaders. Thus, in order to have good leaders,   an organization has to have a clear and concise vision as to where it wants to be. As stated in the text, â€Å"like definitions of leadership, conceptions of leadership effectiveness differ from one writer to another† (Yukl, 2006, 9). In the writer’s perspective, an effective leader must recognize what is minor and what needs to be strongly improved within the existing management and leadership systems within an organization. In order to attain the level of quality and effectiveness that the organization deems acceptable, certain behaviors must be displayed. These characteristics should be congruent to being more proficient in pursuing and achieving the objectives of the entire organization. The first behavior to be discussed is the participative leadership. This style of leadership works extremely well in a setting such as the correctional facility that the author of this paper is working with. This approach as indicated by the book, â€Å"participative leadership, delegation and empowerment are subjects that bridge the power and behavior approaches to leadership† (Yukl, 2006, 82). This style can be exercised in particular, through engaging oneself in a constant dialogue with his peers, subordinates, administrators, team members, and outside treatment providers. As an effective leader using participative leadership, the writer would continually ask questions, probing all levels of the facility for input to ensure that everyone feels empowered and involved. This particular approach has worked well for the author thus far; as for a fact, it has earned the respect of his subordinates and peers as well towards his position in the organization. Earning respect has created a record of success that has propelled the author into a new position with higher responsibility in the face of uncertainty. Being a participative leader has allowed him a little breathing room in a period of upheaval at his own facility. Using this approach has instilled self-confidence in the writer’s subordinates, making them effective followers (Yukl, 2006, 137). Having effective followers has led to a decline in late night emergency calls, or calls to deal with otherwise trivial issues with a youth or any client that the organization deals with particularly. The staff now being effective followers will take the initiative and make decisions to deal with these trivial issues. Participative leadership is the main ingredient for the writer’s successful management style. There are other contributing factors as well. Creative visioning and creating a verbal picture of expectations, instilling belief in my abilities, and influencing others to commit to maintaining our mission statement are some of the other factors attributed to my success. All these procedures coupled with a willingness to take risks, especially when faced with adversity is the recipe for an environment conducive to efficiency. Power and influence Another area of concentration to becoming a more effective leader would be the area of power and influence. In order for the writer to continue on his path to a successful career, he certainly needs to be open to new ideas, insights, and revelations that can lead to better ways of accomplishing goals. He also needs to have control over the type of power that the writer chooses and thus exercise in actual leadership performance to employ at different times. There are five base types of power in the French and Raven power model, which includes reward, coercive, legitimate, expert, and referent power. Reward power would work in attempting to maintain fidelity in the use of our evidence based curriculum as it would allow the writer the ability to reward staff members who accept the directives that the leader particularly placed on them. It may take the form of praise, cash, a good review, recommendations, choice of the next assignment, or any number of things that encourage the desired behavior from a staff member. Coercive power could prove useful as it is the opposite of reward power, but would be used differently than discipline because it is personal where discipline may not be much applicable enough to improve the organization’s structure. The subordinate can learn from discipline, where coercive power does not provide an opportunity for employee improvement by learning. Coercive power threatens subordinates with something unpleasant or even stressful so that staff will submit to the directives given. This is a power that would be used as little as possible, due to the detrimental effects it has on the respect for the leader. In the daily milieu at the writer’s facility’s legitimate power is very important because this is in compliance of the social conditioning. Most employees have the notion of rank, which is a designation of who has power over whom. This has advantages because it decreases the second-guessing of assignments and directives because employees feel obligated to comply. The next type of power expert power is one that is frequently employed by the author of this paper. This is the power that comes from knowledge and experience that is appropriate for the current situation. For example, a physician has expert power over patients due to the years and years of education, training, and practice that he or she has completed. This same individual may not have expert power in other areas, such as administration or management. Individuals with expert power may need to adjust their approach in situations where they do not have expertise, but are expected to lead. When a problem arises on the living unit and the author of this paper is called in, to make a decision, he enters a situation where he is in a position to use expert power. This is due to his years of experience, and the many training seminars he has attended over the years. This is the reason why this particular leadership power is one of the most effective preferences of the writer. Last but certainly not least is referent power. As a leader with referent power, that author is the one that others refer to In particularly owing mutual respect. This respect comes from a successful record of accomplishment over a period of time involving common interests between individuals. This is why subordinates according to the text, â€Å"comply because he/she admires or identifies with the agent and wants to gain the agent’s approval† (Yukl, 2006, 148). Having a proven record of achievements carries a tremendous amount of influence with subordinates as well as with colleagues. This mutual respect is paramount in having a positive and productive work environment. Having said all of that, the writer finds himself deciding to implement each of these types of power in order to achieve his goal of having an eclectic style of leadership. Now more than ever the writer needs to employ many different approaches and styles into his daily managerial duties. With all of the recent chaos in the writer’s facility, he has found himself behind the eight ball so to speak. The writer feels that it is important to implement all five of the different kinds of power so that he can be proficient in the appropriate use of power and have a positive influence over his subordinates. Gaining and maintaining influence over employees is a difficult task if the leader is not careful. In this situation the writer would have to first visualize specific, measurable and attainable tasks that when achieved, will allow the writer to feel affecting and appreciated by others as being a positive influence. Next, the writer would need to identify the tools, or resources, that he already possesses as an influential leader. These resources would be the factors that assist in displaying my knowledge or power in a situation. Unfortunately, due to modesty and lack of awareness many leaders do not use or are even aware of the internal tools at their disposal. In this case, the writer is well aware of his internal resources to increase his influence positively over my subordinates. Some of the tools that the writer has at his disposal are intelligence, good judgment, knowledge of the industry, past success in institutional settings, and of course charisma. In order to achieve success in using the internal tools the writer has, he would need to use proactive influence tactics (Yukl, 2006, 166). To do this the author of this paper would implement rational persuasion first. This technique involves managing his subordinates using valid, rational reasoning. When addressing employees, the writer would carefully in a clear, unemotional and orderly manner, explain issues, ideas and protocols. Then he would be sure to solicit their questions and concerns, then explain any uncertainties and proposed discrepancies in a manner that they could easily comprehend. Remaining unemotional about the objectives that need to be achieved, the subordinates would come to regard the writer as an effective leader. The Multiple linkage model gives a great starting point for growth. To be a good leader, the author of this paper must know his subordinates and be aware of their abilities, and knowledge of the task. A clear and concise job description needs to be provided for the employees to ensure clarity. As the leader, the writer would need to define the roles of subordinates and direct them on what, how, when and where to do different duties. The need for a set criterion for employees to follow is essential as Max DePree states in his text, â€Å"at times in business, the congruence of principles and practice-or their incongruence-comes sharply into focus† (DePree, 2004, 113). In laymen’s terms the defined guidelines need to be clearly defined and enforced.  Ã‚   Using this style, writer would influence subordinates to internalize the values and beliefs of the organization. Then over a period of time the subordinates would develop the desired skills and traits through choice and training. This, along with the styles, theories and approaches discussed earlier will help the writer to develop into an effective leader who through learning will have a powerful influence over the subordinates under him. Conclusion This course has given the writer many different tools that he can implement at a moment’s notice, to help him become an effective leader in his own organization.   This will have a tremendous impact on his professional life particularly in helping him in continuously upholding his integrity in his profession. This will also help him maintain congruence and consistency in his personal life. The writer has come to realize that there is no secret recipe or any formula to become an effective leader. It is a process of trial and error, successes and failures. Thus, the author of this paper can never stop trying, and with practice, he will certainly increase his chances of success in leadership by absorbing all the information that is passed on to him by other leaders who ought to inspire him continuously. It is important for the writer to remember that no one style of leadership is appropriate for every occasion or situation. In addition, the author of this paper must ensure his awareness of a situation and how others perceive his approach. There must be readiness to choose the leadership style that is the most appropriate for the occasion. When a leader has the proper tools in place to effectively run a department, or facility they can use these tools for guiding the organization towards its mission statement. Since beginning this class my awareness of how remarkable the art of leadership is has grown immensely. The writer can now say without a doubt that he has chosen the correct career path. References: DePree, Max. (2004) Leadership is an art; New York, NY: Random House Inc. Yukl, Gary. (2006) Leadership in Organizations; Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.                How to cite Leadership and Learning, Essay examples

The New Marketing Realities-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Consider the three key forces driving the New Marketing realities. How are they likely to change in the future? What other major trends or forces might affect Marketing? 2.What brands and products do you feel successfully speak to you and effectively target your age group? Why? Which ones do not? What could they do better? Answers: 1.New Marketing Realities In todays business environment, marketplace is continuously changing. Hence, the marketers should join and respond to several important developments, which are occurring in the market. Small and large businesses are impacted by the internal and external environment factors. These environmental factors that the businesses have no control over are taken into consideration while making marketing decisions for creating a correct representation of where the organization stands in marketplace. Present marketplace is in more constant situation of changes than in past decades. With this transformation, there will be some new challenges, opportunities and development of new models and frameworks. The term new market realities state the changes during last 10 years and it is given by Kotler and Keller. The New Marketing Realities is the computerized improvements, creative and innovative and categorized small scale media and markets, which the service the local influent targeted, market nets[1] . There are various forces, which are driving the new marketing realities. These forces have created new marketing opportunities, behaviors and challenges for the market and its people. Due to these forces, the market place today is very different, because it has resulted several new company and consumer capabilities. It has transformed the marketing management significantly. To deal with the effect of this, the organizations look for the right balance of effective methods with discovering new and innovative approaches to attain the marketing excellence[2]. Figure 1: New Market Realities Three of these forces, which are driving new marketing realities, are stated below; Globalization Globalization is a primary process of integration and interaction among companies, people and governments of different countries. It is a force or process that is driven by global trade and investment and supported by advanced information technology. In todays marketplace, several organizations have become dissatisfied with the sales and revenues on domestic level. So, they are making efforts to expand their business in international markets. There are various factors, like; technology advances in the shipping, transportation and communication, which have made it easier for these organizations to expand business and market in, and customers to purchase from, almost any nation all over the world[3]. Traveling to international countries and markets has grown continuously, because most of the people work and operate their business in other countries. Figure 2: Forces driving New Marketing Realities It is creating different market realities and company capabilities. Globalization is the major force that is providing various new opportunities to the companies, like; business expansion, partnership with international organizations etc. It will improve the market geographical reach for promoting the products and services worldwide. Apart from these opportunities, the companies may face some challenges and risks, like; legal risks, political risks, entry barriers etc. Technology Development of technology is one of the major forces that are driving new realities in todays market. There is a significant revolution in the digital technology. This revolution in technology has developed an Information Era, which commits to direct to more precise levels of manufacturing and production, more targeted interactions and more appropriate and competitive pricing. In the terms of marketing, technology is defined as a medium that assists the marketers circulate his/her deliverables to the end users. The best result of bringing in technology has been innovation[4]. This technology has been vibrant throughout right from the television advertisement to internet marketing. Technology is the major factor that assists the organization and marketers in generating new company capabilities like; they can utilize the internet as a most strong channel for information and sales. They can gather the information about the customers, prospects, markets and competitors. Furthermore, thes e marketers can tap into social media to intensify their brand message. Social Responsibility In todays business environment, social responsibility is another force that is driving new marketing realities, because people are becoming very concerned about the welfare of environment and themselves. So, the organization needs to include social responsibility in their practices. In marketing, it is very important as it includes emphasizing on enticing the customers, who wish to make a positive experience with their purchases. There are so many companies, which have implemented social responsibility strategies in marketing process because it assists the community and manufacture the products, which benefit the targeted society[5]. Engaging in corporate social responsibility also offers new company capabilities, like; it will promote the brand image and reputation of the company that can primarily affect profitability and productivity positively. The above given factors may change in the future with new developments. In the future, technology can be improved with the up-gradation and advancements. It may affect the business operations as all of the employees will not be familiar with advanced technology. Under globalization, there may be some challenges, which may force the organization to make changes in global trade[6]. Apart from these factors, there are some other factors, which may impact the marketing, such as; privatization, increased competition, retail transformation, de-regulation, consumer purchasing power etc. 2.Brands and Products, which are successful and not successful in target marketing There are many brands and products, which successfully speak to the people and effectively target the age group. Targeting an appropriate market is very important, when an organization wants to communicate its products to maximum customer base. For this, marketers divide the overall population into different age groups to dividing by targeting the levels of age, needs of different age groups etc. So, these marketers try to manufacture the products, which will be preferred to purchase. They will make efforts to attract the target customers by the products, which can satisfy their desires and needs[7]. In modern business environment, each and every brand targets the different customers market as they provide different benefits accordingly. Here is the discussion about two brands and their products, which are successfully targeted appropriate age groups. First brand is Apple that has offered different premium brands under its different segments, like; iPhones, Mac and iPad, which have successfully covered the people in appropriate age group. The company has introduced its iPhones with IOS operating system and targeted the people with the age group between 18 and 35 years. This age group includes the young people, which cover students and working professionals. The company has also targeted the children as their parents can download and install learning game apps on their devices[8]. The company has successfully introduced its specifications, which were actually aligned with the needs and expectations of targeted market, i.e. youth population. In addition to Apple, Starbucks is another brand, which has successfully placed its products among its target age groups, i.e. students. This company has strategically positioned its outlets and products in the locations, where the students are likely to explore, like; cafes, Universities, college canteens, town centers etc. It has provided its products in the areas, which are arranged and well-established to enhance the social interaction among people. Moreover, the company is offering variety of coffee and other soft drinks, which provides choices to consumers and assists in creating youth uniqueness in choice of coffee and other beverages. Thus, the company was completely successful in targeting this age group and providing the quality services, which were committed by Starbucks in its promotion and advertising campaign[9]. Apart from these products, Xbox 360 is also a home video game, which provides students ability to communicate and play games against friends online and it offe rs the design, iPod and multimedia capabilities to the users. Thus, this was also a very successful product in targeting best suitable market. These above-mentioned players are successful because they are able to understand and fulfill the needs and wants of customers. They implemented effective strategies, so that they could attract the people towards their products. Apart from this, Apple can also be included in the category that is failed in satisfy the target market. It was in the case of its iPod, where company was not able to include the specification required by students and their age group. There are various reasons behind it, like; Apple iPod just represented just as a fashion accessory that has the customizing ability in terms of music and color. It is highly portable and suitable for the high paced lifestyles. The students face the issues as it was not easy to operate. Apple could make their iPod a bit user friendly. For example; Microsoft has an option of folders on window, but iPod has so many sub-levels. Sometimes, students feel it very difficult to search the songs[10]. The company can enhance its marketing by targeting the Generation X in addition to millennia people. It could make the iPod look more professional, so that young professional could use them. Under this category, one more example is of Nokia, which was not able to und erstand the needs and preferences of people and stayed with its older operating system. It just focused on the battery life of its phone more than proving some innovative and entertaining features[11]. The company could do better by conducting market research and understanding the expectations of customers. Thus, the companies were failed to target appropriate market in above specific cases. Bibliography Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R.,Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education, 2015. Buckley, P.J., The contribution of internalisation theory to international business: New realities and unanswered questions.Journal of World Business,51(1), 2016, pp.74-82 Chang, A. 5 Reasons Why Nokia Lost Its Handset Sales Lead And Got Downgraded To 'Junk, 2012, Retrieved From Https://Www.Wired.Com/2012/04/5-Reasons-Why-Nokia-Lost-Its-Handset-Sales-Lead-And-Got-Downgraded-To-Junk/. Gallaugher, J. and Ransbotham, S., Social media and customer dialog management at Starbucks.MIS Quarterly Executive,9(4), 2010. Kotler, P. Keller, K.L., Marketing Management, Pearson Education, Inc. 2012. Leipnik, M.R., Mehta, S.S. and Rajendran, V., Strategic and tactical issues with Apples mobile maps.Mobile Electronic Commerce: Foundations, Development, and Applications, 2014, p.449. Mathieu, B., 3 New marketing Realities to Live By, 2009, Retrieved from https://www.targetmarketingmag.com/article/3-new-marketing-realities-live/. Park, S.A., Consumer health crisis management: Apple's crisis responsibility for iPod-related hearing loss.Public Relations Review,34(4), 2008, pp.396-398. Scott, K., Martin, D.M. and Schouten, J.W,. Marketing and the new materialism.Journal of Macromarketing,34(3), 2014, pp.282-290. Sheth, J.N. and Sisodia, R.S.,Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge, 2015. Venkatraman, V., Dimoka, A., Pavlou, P.A., Vo, K., Hampton, W., Bollinger, B., Hershfield, H.E., Ishihara, M. and Winer, R.S., Predicting advertising success beyond traditional measures: New insights from neurophysiological methods and market response modeling.Journal of Marketing Research,52(4), 2015, pp.436-452. Wind, Y.J., Toward a new marketing paradigm.The Routledge Companion to the Future of Marketing, 2014, pp.3-24 P. Kotler and K.L. Keller, Marketing Management, Pearson Education, Inc. 2012. G. Armstrong, P. Kotler, M. Harker and R. Brennan, Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education, 2015. B. Mathieu, 3 New marketing Realities to Live By, 2009, Retrieved from https://www.targetmarketingmag.com/article/3-new-marketing-realities-live/. K. Scott, D.M. Martin, and J.W. Schouten, Marketing and the new materialism.Journal of Macromarketing,34(3), 2014, pp.282-290. Y.J. Wind, Toward a new marketing paradigm.The Routledge Companion to the Future of Marketing, 2014, pp.3-24. J.N. Sheth and R.S. Sisodia, Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge, 2015. J. Gallaugher, and S. Ransbotham, Social media and customer dialog management at Starbucks.MIS Quarterly Executive,9(4), 2010. M.R. Leipnik, S.S. Mehta, and V. Rajendran, Strategic and tactical issues with Apples mobile maps.Mobile Electronic Commerce: Foundations, Development, and Applications, 2014, p.449. J. Gallaugher, and S. Ransbotham, Social media and customer dialog management at Starbucks.MIS Quarterly Executive,9(4), 2010. S.A. Park, Consumer health crisis management: Apple's crisis responsibility for iPod-related hearing loss.Public Relations Review,34(4), 2008, pp.396-398. V. Venkatraman et al, Predicting advertising success beyond traditional measures: New insights from neurophysiological methods and market response modeling.Journal of Marketing Research,52(4), 2015, pp.436-452. A. Chang, 5 Reasons Why Nokia Lost Its Handset Sales Lead And Got Downgraded To 'Junk, 2012, Retrieved From Https://Www.Wired.Com/2012/04/5-Reasons-Why-Nokia-Lost-Its-Handset-Sales-Lead-And-Got-Downgraded-To-Junk/.

Modernization and Nationalism in South Korea free essay sample

Is it possible to preserve traditional Korean culture as South Korea continues to modernize and Westernize? In the 21st century, modernity is often equated with capitalism-industrialization, though the concept is more complex than that. The idea of modernity can be defined on sociological, political and cultural platforms. Modernity is a powerful notion, a departure from tradition; driven by political, social and economic developments. It is the acceptance that progress is inevitable. Because this departure from conventional, cultural practices is essential to the implementation of modernization, many societies have struggled with breaking from tradition in an effort to modernize, to varying degrees of success. The difficulties to preserve culture while modernizing has been particularly prevalent in eastern Asian cultures especially those that have been affected by the deeply conservative thinking of Confucianism after they adopted the concept from the post-feudal West. Emerging countries such as South Korea are especially burdened by trying to strike a happy balance between their traditional culture versus the prospects of modernization. We will write a custom essay sample on Modernization and Nationalism in South Korea or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Couple this with Confucianism plus the Korean peninsulas self-imposed policy of isolationism in previous centuries, which resulted in limited contact with foreign innovation and one would expect South Korea to struggle bitterly to modernize while maintaining its traditional customs. However, tools such as Korean Nationalism, the influence of Confucianism and the impact of the Japanese occupation of the Korean peninsula enable Korean society to better preserve and protect their culture while entering the modern world as a dynamic nation. South Korean culture can be tough for an outsider to grapple with. Though it has imported Chinese elements, it has also been shaped by the nation’s unique experiences with shamanism. If you just skim the surface, it is a very Westernized place. The youth has wholeheartedly embraced globalization. If you take away the signs in hangul script, parts of Seoul could be mistaken for New York, London, or Berlin. Though South Korea has adopted elements from other cultures, they are determined to preserve their own. Many of the unspoken rules that govern daily interactions have not been changed from centuries past, come from the Chinese ethical/philosophical system Confucianism, which Korea adopted when it was a member of the Sinosphere. Followers of Confucianism, are governed by a system of virtues. Filial piety (? ; xiao) is considered among the greatest of these virtues. It must be shown to the living as well as the dead, hence ancestor worship, which is called jesa ( ) in Korean. Ancestor worship contributed to the conservative thought of Confucianism. Cultures that engage in ancestor worship are going to be conservative. They will not find new things attractive because that will challenge the ancestors. In contrast, Westerners perceive change as natural. Without the weight of a continuous history and the conservation of Confucianism, Westerners seemed more likely to look ahead. Western view of the future expected tangible, long-term progress. Western history is more fluid. Unlike its neighbor China, Korea’s history is not a trap. It is not a set of rigid traditions that prevent the country from modernizing, but Koreans are intent on protecting and passing on their culture. Having a conservative ideology at the core of society such as Confucianism will ultimately help protect Korean culture. Korean ethnic nationalism ( ) a political ideology and a form of ethnic identity that is prevalent in modern Korea is another way Korean society is guaranteeing that Korean culture is preserved. It is based on the belief that Koreans share a unified bloodline as well as a distinct culture. It is centered around the idea of minjok ( ), which can be translated to â€Å"nation†. The majority of the Korean population continues to identify itself as â€Å"one people† (danil minjok; ) joined by a common bloodline, ethnicity, linguistics, a shared history,etc. An ethnically defined Korea continues to gives Koreans a stimulus to national pride, and feeds hopes for the reunification of the Korean peninsula. The movement places emphasis on traditional Korean customs. Advocates wants to ensure that the next generation continues to preserve plus pass on these conventions. Korean ethnic nationalism reached its peak during the biggest threat to Korean culture in the past century. Not modernization, but the Japanese occupation of the peninsula from 1910 to 1945. During the occupation, the Japanese enacted policies trying to stomp out Korean language and culture, replacing it with Japanese language and culture. This includes censoring newspapers, prohibitions on Korean language, distortion of Korean history, relocation of cultural artifacts to Japan, Japanese-centered education, altering public monuments and so on. In general, the awareness of Korean history among Koreans declined substantially during this period; the new generation grew up with little or no awareness of their own heritage. The Japanese altered Korean history to justify their occupation of the peninsula to the international community by painting the Koreans as backwards and in desperate need of modernization. This was possible in part because Korea had sealed itself off from outside contact for centuries. Resentment of the harsh treatment of Koreans eventually led to a revival of Korean nationalism, including in-depth research projects into the standardization of Hangul and Korean culture. Historically, the central objectives of Koreas nationalist movement were the advancement and protection of Koreas ancient culture and national identity from influence. The nationalist movement was very dedicated to the restoration and preservation of Koreas traditional culture. The impact of the Japanese occupation has resulted in the nationalist movement and its attitude towards Korean culture still being very prevalent in modern Korean society. When the Japanese occupation ended, Korean nationalism was still strong, even after the division of the peninsula. Taking the lead from the West, South Korea began the process of modernizing, adopting Western ideology along the way. The results have been astonishing: Korea has been able to modernize and enter the 21st with a booming, dynamic economy. The adoption of a democracy as well as the capitalist system in the late 50s did wonders for the economy which took major economic leaps in the 80s. South Korea used to have a smaller GDP than some of the poorest countries in Asia, mostly due to the Japanese occupation during World War II, but became one of the four â€Å"Asian Tigers† and boosts one of the most booming economies in the world (#13). The nation is occasionally inaccurately thought to be poor and technologically ‘backward’, which, understandably, annoys the locals no end. South Koreans ake great pains to refer to their country as â€Å"Korea,† with no geographic distinction. In their minds, using the term â€Å"South Korea† gives legitimacy to the totalitarian doppelganger across the border. Nowhere else in the world is there a homogeneous group of people so starkly divided by ideology. South Koreans strongly believe in democracy as well as freedom. They are not so weighed down by Conf ucian values borrowed from the Chinese that they can not adopt Western political systems while still respecting their own traditions and conventions. South Koreans talk about freedom, the notion of democracy and capitalism the way many Westerners do. Koreans are proud of their country, as indicated by the strong nationalism movement, though they still take great pains to maintain their culture while modernizing. The preservation of culture can be attributed to the Korean ethnic nationalism movement, Confucian values and the peninsulas history with Japan. The lives of Koreans continue to be swayed by traditions, beliefs and rituals that outsiders might find outdated or confusing. While the country establishes itself as an affluent democracy and boosts its engagement with the outside world, its traditional culture and national identity will be preserved and protected. Works Cited primary: Hessler, Peter. Oracle Bones. New York: HarperCollins, 2006. Print. This book documents Hessler’s first-hand account of East Asia, especially China. He serves as a journalist in Beijing and travels all over the subregion, trying to explain East Asia’s past and future. I cannot say enough good things about this book, however it is biased against Marxism and the CCP. Hessler says that â€Å"[Chinese intellectuals] adopted the worst of Western systems (such as Marxism). † Hessler refrains from giving his opinion about Mao and the communist regime however he his largely sympathetic towards the victims of the Cultural Revolution he interviews/researchers and some of his writing tends to paint Mao (and other communist leaders) in a negative light. He is in China during then-President Bush’s visit to China/South Korea and seems to imply that Bush does not understand Asia, especially China. Whether or not this is an accurate statement can be debated, but these are several however minor) examples of Hessler not being as objective as he could. Kim, Mun-ju. Saeroun Sahoe Rul Yonun Sangsangnyok. Soul-si: Sidae ui Ch? ang, 2006. Print. The title translates loosely to Opening A New Social Imagination†. As far as I know, there is no official English translation, so I had to translate sections. A Seattle Public Library employee had told me would be helpful when I checked out the book (I copied the characters into a word document using a Korean keyboard and then consulted dictionaries/a friend who is fluent). The book is written by a South Korean. In general, their stance is very radical and they are especially critical of the North Korean government, claiming they are â€Å"holding the nation back from creating a more progressive society. † Cummings, Bruce. Korean Society: Civil society, democracy and the state. 2006, Print. This book covers Korean society in relation to democracy, freedom, and other Western beliefs. As the title may indicate, this book is very against the North Korean regime (especially the communist system). It makes a quick jab at the North Korean government, claiming it is â€Å"backwards† and will collapse eventually . Chang, Jung, and Jon Halliday. Mao: The Unknown Story. New York: Knopf, 2005. Print. This biography was compiled after 10 years of research and the consultation of many archives world-wide. I read it to increase my knowledge of the East Asian political climate during the Korean War/Korea-Sino relations (the index for ‘Korea’ in the back of the book was very long so I figured it was worth a read). Not only did it provide little help for my paper, but it is so biased that it cannot be taken seriously. All history is biased, but some history is more biased than others. This book is a perfect example of the latter. The writing doesnt even try to be fair and frequently takes things out of context to paint Mao as some horrible, diabolical monster. One detail that sticks out is when one of the authors states that, because Mao failed to bow to a CCP superior, he is apparently â€Å"thuggish†. The prose is sloppy and comes off like the authors have some grade-school vendetta against Mao. The man wasnt a saint, but when writing a biography one needs to be objective. Dirlik, Arif. â€Å"Modernity as history: post-revolutionary China, globalization and the question of modernity† Social History. January 2002. This article is exactly what it says on the tin: China, globalization, modernity. The article seems to agree with the idea that ‘history traps countries and prevents them from modernizing’ , and he subtly advocates for Mao’s Cultural Revolution. Eckert, Carter. Koreas Transition to Modernity, A Will to Greatness: Historical Perspectives on Contemporary East Asia. This is a short essay in a compilation of essays on East Asia. It talks about both Koreas and their attempts at modernization, praising South Korea and lambasting North Korea for its failures. It paints the country as backwards and implies that modernization could solve all of North Korea’s problems. Gi-Wook Shin, Ethnic Nationalism in Korea: Genealogy, Politics, and Legacy. Stanford University Press, 2006. This book explores nationalism in Korea in the past and present. The author admits that the Japanese occupation is a touchy topic for them, but the Japanese are still portrayed ruthlessly in relation to the rise in the Korean nationalism. Macdonald, Donald Stone. The Koreans: Contemporary Politics and Society. 2nd ed. Boulder: Westview, 1990. Print. This book covers contemporary Korean politics while covering details of the past. It has many pictures and a great bibliography. The author paints the Japanese in a horrible light, calling them barbaric. The book also hardly criticizes the North Korean regime, implying that it is oppressing Korean culture. Rostow, Walter. Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto. Cambridge University Press, 1960. Print. This book uses South Korea and its implementation of capitalism as one of its main points. At the title indicates, it is very biased against communism and criticizes North Korea, the Soviet Union, etc. Suh, Kuk-sung, Young-soo Kim, Il-sung Park, Jeong-soo Lee, and Se-jin Lee. The Identity of the Korean People: A History of Legitimacy on the Korean Peninsula. Seoul, Korea: Research Center for Peace and Unification, 1983. Print. This book deals with a myriad of subjects, summarizing what unites the Korean people. Because this book is written by so many people, I thought it would be difficult to find a bias, but the narrative is highly critical of the North Korean regime, claiming that â€Å"democracy and freedom† are integral parts of Korean history. There is a chapter of the legitimacy of South Korea, but not one about the North, ignoring the North’s sovereignty. Yi, Ki-baek. A New History of Korea. Cambridge, MA: Published for the Harvard-Yenching Institute by Harvard UP, 1984. Print. This book is a giant history of Korea. I only read the sections about the Japanese occupation, which, predictably, portrays the Japanese as horrible monsters and occasionally exaggerates the plight of the Koreans, calling any form of violence (even self-defense) by the Japanese â€Å"unnecessary†. The author essentially presents a Koreanized version of all history that occurred on the peninsula.

The Impact of Diversity on the Effectiveness of Leadership

The Impact of Diversity on the Effectiveness of Leadership It is imperative for today’s leaders to take into consideration issues of diversity in the engagement and promotion of personnel in the modern workplace. Leaders must embrace and examine critically, the impact of workers from diverse cultures and how they interact to increase productivity and profitability in an organization. It is evident that an organization can benefit from fostering attitudes of cultural sensitivity, tolerance and acceptance of diversity because diversity increases the success of an organization.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Impact of Diversity on the Effectiveness of Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In summation, effective leadership should be conceptualized as a shared connection that takes into account what happens between and among people and consequently, leaders have the obligation to embrace diversity to create a viable roadmap for the future. The author of the article puts forward convincing arguments in support of the positive impacts of diversity on the effectiveness of leadership. The author proposes that because of the impact of globalization, organizations will need to fully utilize the potential of all their employees from different cultural and ethnic backgrounds by fully engaging them in all aspects of the organization. This diversity will enable the organization to adequately reflect the communities and customers that they serve. In my experience, this assertion is accurate. To illustrate this, Kellogg’s Company is an organization that has fully embraced diversity by setting up a comprehensive diversity program that addresses the needs of the numerous employees from diverse backgrounds. The company focuses on the hiring and promotion of qualified personnel from perceived minority groups. (Diversity and Inclusion 1) Moreover, Kellogg’s is a global brand that has a diverse and global customer base and this pro gram enables the company to adequately reflect these customers and the communities that they market their products to. In the article, the author further proposes that in future, organizations will be required to adopt a more inclusive orientation that recognizes the importance of everyone in the organization and the fact that they can all contribute in one way or another to greater success in the organization. This proposal that workplace diversity can lead to increased success in the organization is in my experience, fundamentally correct. To substantiate this claim, McDonald’s which is considered the world’s leading fast food chain is a hallmark of diversity. The company has employees from all the 119 countries in which they operate.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Inclusivity and diversity in the company is also evident in the companyâ €™s chief executives, board of directors, suppliers and employee base (Pride, 2010). McDonald’s by virtue of being the world’s leading fast food chain is very profitable, it is possible to theorize that, the diversity of the company has substantial influence on this factor. This illustration serves to show that embracing diversity can result in greater productivity and profitability in an organization. Sourcing an article for this assignment was not particularly difficult seeing that they are numerous articles about the subject that are available. The large number of articles was both an advantage and a challenge in terms of selecting the most suitable one for this assignment. The search technique that I used involved a search of the EBSCO host search engine in the global library. The results were specific to the topic presented. I then selected this article on the basis of its relevance to the topic. Moreover, I chose it because I found it to be interesting and it contained valid information. References Kellogg’s. (2011). Diversity and Inclusion. Web. Pride, W. M. Hughes, R. J. Kapoor, J. R. (2010). Business. USA: Cengage Learning Inc

Pesticides Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pesticides - Essay Example Pesticides would also ensure that stored food, especially cereals, stay for long periods without any destruction from probable pests. However, the consequence of this is devastating. The chemicals used in the pesticides, though not poisonous to man on instant use, would accumulate in the body, posing risks such as developing such deadly diseases like cancer. Levine (2007) says that pesticides are not harmful to human beings, but excessive use of foods that have elements of the chemicals are harmful to the body. The danger may not be instant, but the negative impact would surely come. Genetically modified foods are equally unsafe. The fact that they increase food productivity notwithstanding, the modification makes them unsafe. This modification interferes with the normal arrangement of the DNA in the food. The body depends on the food we eat for various processes. By taking in food that is genetics modified, chances are that the body might assimilate this manipulated genetics, a fact that can result in a person giving birth in abnormal children. Pesticides and genetically modified foods should completely be

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Economics - Essay Example s right must not come in the price of violating other people’s right to privacy in public such as being photographed in public place without his or her consent and then uploaded online. Also, the right to privacy in public is not only limited to those who do not wear the Google Glass but also by the wearer themselves. Getting information from users through the Glass such as what NSA is doing to our emails and phone numbers must be prohibited in respect to the individual’s right to privacy much more posting online. Once concrete example is the prohibition of selling the individual’s profiles to marketers or company or the posting of one’s location online. It has to be realized that while there are people whose presence would like to be known to the world such as the example cited in the article by posting his picture while taking a bath online, there are also other people who value their privacy and this has to be

Child Protection Enquiry UK | Policy and History

Child Protection Enquiry UK | Policy and History The purpose of the essay is to discuss and explain the child protection enquiry, its process, purpose legislation and critical issues. An accompanying leaflet has been designed to highlight the Child Protection enquiry taking into account age, diversity, oppression and anti-discriminatory practices incorporated. The age group focused on the leaflet is Young Persons aged 11-19. In addition, a commentary to justify the rationale for the design, content and structure will be carried out. Finally, an evaluation of how the issues discussed in the leaflet and essay have contributed to learning and relevance to future practice. The focus of the new millennium according to DfES (2005) is safeguarding and promoting the welfare of the child which by definition is the process of protecting children from abuse or neglect, preventing impairment of their health and development, and ensuring they are growing up in circumstances consistent with the provision of safe and effective care which is undertaken so as to enable children to have optimum life chances and enter adulthood successfully (DfES 2005a, p11). Wilson and James (2007) citing Working together to safeguard children (HM Government 2005a p 19 Para. 1.19) define child protection as the activity which is undertaken to protect specific children who are suffering or at risk of suffering significant harm. In her view Gil (1970) considers that Child abuse consists of anything which individuals, institutions or processes do or fail to do which directly harms children or damages their prospects of safe, healthy development into adulthood. This definition was adapted by the National Commission of Inquiry into the Prevention of Child Abuse. Bentovim (1998) sustain that there is strong association between significant harm and insecure attachments, citing Carlson et al (1989) who found out that more than 80% of significantly harmed infants had disorganised attachments compared to less than 20% in a non maltreated comparison group. Jones et al 1999 further supports that all disturbances in case of child maltreatment are linked to the relationship with parents own experiences. Attachment difficulties are associated with parental childhood experiences of Abuse and Deprivation, Parental Personality Difficulties as well as Functional Illnesses such as Depression. It is important to identify parent child attachment difficulties to make sound intervention where there is evidence in literature that persisting Parent/ Child attachment combined with evidence of psychological maltreatment on follow up is a consistent finding. Additionally Wilczynski (1997) cited in Wilson and James (2007) ascertain that the most consequence of child maltreatment is death which indicates the necessity for early intervention to prevent the deaths of young children. It was estimated in 2003 that in the UK that the occurance of maltreatment leading to death is nine per 1 million children and as high as 24 per 1 million in USA. UNICEF (2003). The main perpetrators in most cases it was revealed were biological parents and the most affected age group was children under five years particularly babies under one year, (Brown and Lynch (1995), UNICEF (2003). This suggested that there is need to predict , prevent and protect children from birth, Axford and Bullock (2005) and the Assessment of children and families (DOH et al 2000, Brown et al 2006). As a necessity to prevent deaths and severe consequences intervention should take into account the family structure and normally comes in after a fatal consequence or maltreatment has alr eady occurred. Protective factors need to be put in place as a deterent to raising family standards, resilience to social and environmental stress Brown and Herbert (1997). Essentially it is through assessment that the needs of such children are identified that the needs of such children are identified as the starting point of intervention. Assessment as defined by Wilson and James (2007) is identifying the needs of children at risk of encountering significant harm so as to put in place safeguarding measures that will promote their welfare and wellbeing. Reder et al (1993), Munro (1999) and Buckley (2003) cited in Howarth (2005b) observed that in cases of maltreatment effective assessment is essential as the basis to inform meaningful planning/ intervention which will promote better outcomes for children and families. This depends on professional knowledge, skills and ability to engage in multi-disciplinary team work, the child and the family to identify family needs. Additionally practitioners need to be aware of challenges and factors that can distort assessment such as perception of abuse, their values and beliefs and the application of theory to pra ctice. Parton (1991) cited in Scourfield (2003) argue that one of the most contested social issue is child protection. The main reason being that the state is seen to intervene with families so as to protect vulnerable children, at the same time giving respect to the family unit structure. This has raised public scrutiny with concerns that the state has not intervened enough to protect children or social workers have been accused to negligent and not having identified significant harm. On the other hand they are accused to have intervened too much and unnecessarily impacting on families. Typical examples highlighting the controversy are (the inquiries into the deaths of Jasmine Beckford, Kimberly carlile, Ricky Nearve, Victoria Climbe and baby P. On the other hand too much intervention was cited in child abuse investigations in Cleveland 1987, Pooch dale and Orkney) just to name a few Scourfield (2003). These contradictions and dilemmas are believed to originate from the increasing recognition that child abuse is socially constructed. This is dependent on different commentators perspectives of abuse and harm. Obviously this perspective will raise the argument whether the intervention to be carried is supportive or authoritative and reactive. Munro (2002) believes abuse is ways of treating a child in a harmful and morally wrong manner that impacts on their socio-psycho wellbeing. In trying to define abuse variations from different socio-economic and cultural backgrounds/values is to be considered. However article 19 of the 1989 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) agreed on an International formulation to condemn child abuse. This defined abuse as all forms of physical or mental violence, injury or abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, maltreatment or exploitation including sexual abuse. Furthermore it is important to acknowledge the British national commissi on of inquiry into the prevention of child abuse which broadened its scope outside the family. They hold that child abuse consists of anything which individuals, institutions, or processes to or fail to do which directly or indirectly harms children or damages their prospects of safe and healthy development into adulthood National Commission, (1996:2). All the above definitions mention harm as a result of actions, omissions or exploitation. As mentioned earlier individual societies in conjunction with their legal systems supply more detailed definitions and guidelines. The UK society through the department of health and social security 1988 categorised the following specifications as guidelines and standards. These are physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse and neglect. Explain these or not see word count? Munro (2002). The Children Act (1989) was set up as a measure to encourage partnership working between families and the state. It also encouraged the provision of family support to reduce the risk of severe consequences resulting in coercive state intervention. Prevention was expanded from simply to prevent children coming into care but to focus on providing services that helped and promoted families to up bring their children within their families Munro (2007). According to the Act family preservation is paramount and fundamental as well as partnership working with parents. Nevertheless it is not always the case that some parents who are neglectful and abusive sometimes see or have no capacity to constructively and systematically engage with social service intervention which try to help them. Some it is suggested become hostile, aggressive and abusive clearly not entertaining any advise or any interference with their family life. With such a contest going on the child will continue to be affected and further significant harm may occur during this contest. As said earlier social workers need to be aware of such parents and situations and act accordingly in this case in the best interest of the child who will be the focal point Bell and Wilson (2003). In the early 1990s a number of cases involving organised and institutional abuse were revealed which were outside the family context. The most prominent one being the Orkney incident in which children were taken into care following allegations of organised sexual abuse. The court hearing dismissed the case after five weeks leading the children to be returned home. Media coverage concluded injustice on caring parents fighting injustice inflicted by intolerant inconsistent social workers. This enquiry led to the selling up of regulations and procedures for dealing with organised abuse Bell (1999). Messages from research (1995) published and summarised the functioning of the child welfare system. It revealed cumulative effect of adverse publicity and policy changes that pinpointed professionals especially social workers as prioritising abuse concerns over other types of referrals. There was a division between child protection and child abuse and revealed an emphasis on tackling immediat e risks to the child and ignoring the wider social and psychological needs. There was a call to refocus of child protection in a holistic child in need context not just protection from abuse. Messages from Research (1995). (Bell 1999, Thoburn, Lewis and Shemmings 1995) revealed that the emotional impact of investigation on families whether guilty or innocent is traumatic and intrusive. Professionals need to be aware of this impact on families and seek to minimise it. The death of Victoria Climbe was a shocking event that revealed abuse and inconsistencies within professionals who had seen her. A public inquiry led by Lord Lamming (2003) also revealed that the voice of the child was ignored despite so many professionals being involved. Laming Report (2003). Gough (1997) assets that research revealed that not too often children are ignored as a active participants either as a source of knowledge/ information about their family situation/ circumstances or a reliable source of opinion on what needs to be done. Laming Report (2003). Contrary to this shortcoming one of the Childrens Act 1989 is to respect the childrens views and wishes about key decisions affecting their lives. The Act guarantees that childrens wishes and feelings must be taken into account in any matter that affects or involve them be it in court hearings, reviews and conferences. This also applies to Looked after children by local authorities, they have greater rights and voice on th e quality and care they receive. Coby (2006) The death of Victoria Climbe prompted the safeguarding agenda and policy Every Child Matters: Change for the Children Treasury (2003). The agenda proposed a radical transformation of both the organisation and culture of practice from a reactive service for a few to a more pro-active approach where all childrens needs are identified addressed at grass roots level before escalating to major serious problems. Innovative ideas such as the integrated childrens services would be essential tools. The every child matters agenda highlighted 5 outcomes for children i.e. are healthy, staying safe, enjoy contribution, and achieve economic wellbeing. Every Child Matters (2003). Working together to safeguard children DFES (2006b) highlighted the new arrangements to be implemented by different agencies to promote inter-agency co-operation to safeguarding and respond to the concerns that a child might be at risk of significant harm. The child protection policy and practice begins when a concern has been raised that a child may be at risk of abuse through neglect, physical, emotional, sexual harm. A number of sources could raise such a concern ranging from NSPCC, police, social services, a parent, neighbours, health worker, or nurse or teacher from school/nursery. It might be the case that some concerns are made anonymously or malicious. At times some anonymous concerns turn out to be true and this call that they are treated seriously. As soon as any concern is raised Social services will act as soon as possible Buckley (2003). The first response at the early stage is to make enquiries about the family concerned with other agencies linked to it such as schools, hospitals, GP, nursery or health services by carrying out an initial assessment following LSCB procedures. Initial assessment as defined by the Framework for the Assessment of Children in need and their families (DH 2000) is a brief assessment of each chil d referred to social services with a request for services to be provided. If the core assessment concludes that a child is in need of further support they will be classified as a child in need as defined by Section 17 of the Childrens Act 1989. The section mentions that it is the duty of the local authority to provide services to safeguard and promote the childs welfare and needs. If no harm is suffered the case is closed. If need be that the child needs to be seen by a S/W or police this is usually done within 24 hours after the allegation has been reported. When these initial enquiries are complete a decision is made as to whether there is need to pursue the matter or no further action required it is the duty of social workers to inform parents of any developments as soon as possible. Information such as the source of the allegation will be given to parents as long as it does not put the investigation into jeopardy or put anyone at risk. If for instance the allegation came from an institutional source like nursery, hospital or school it will be revealed . Members of the public names or identities are not revealed. During questioning or inquiries if it becomes necessary to ask a child/ the victim parents may be allowed to be present or may not be allowed if they are the perpetrators mainly or for any other reason. Depending on circumstances, Social Worker will work with both parents and child but in the best interest of the child. This is the time when parents can explain their views, concerns and what actions to be taken to address the concerns. Parents are also interviewed with their language if they dont speak English an interpreter will be available by social worker. If the need be the child may be seen by a doctor or paediatrician to ascertain what happened, treat the injuries or to seek clarity on injuries. Parents need to give permission for this if they refuse a court order will be sought for permission to have a medical examination. If a parent does not agree with proceedings they may seek legal advice. If a child is old enough to understand they may agree to be examined themselves if it is proved that they are old enough to, make such a judgement. All this is dependent on how well a child understands what is happening Merrick (1996). The medical examination is dependent on the nature of alleged abuse. It is important for the doctor to have a full understanding of the childs health and development. The examination forms part of the enquiry process as it is a way of gathering evidence and preserve any evidence to understand the abuse. The examination will reassure the parent and child that they will recover. The child may have preferences of who conducts the exam and who should be present. Social worker will also accompany or be present. If the results of the examination convince social workers that injuries were accidental not abuse no further action is taken. If the results conclude that there is likely to be significant harm or abuse further enquiries will be carried out. This may also involve enquiries regarding other family members so as to ensure that no harm has happened to them. A video recording interview may follow conducted by Social Worker and police if maybe they want to sue. This will also help if pol ice want to pursue criminal proceedings. This is done by trained officers who specialise in these procedures. It may be the case that the police need to remove the child from parents care to safeguard their protection and welfare. All necessary arrangements will be made in line with the intention of keeping the child within their family. If necessary Social Services may call a child protection conference if there is evidence of significant harm. Parents are invited and all the professionals involved with the child as well. These include social workers, police officers, doctors and other people interested in the welfare of the child. If the child is classified as having suffered or at risk of significant harm a strategy discussion meeting is pursued. A meeting consisting of all professionals from relevant agencies will meet to decide whether to proceed with a section 47 inquiry under the Children Act 1989. Under section 47 the Local Authority will investigate the case of a child in their area. Serious case review is conducted by the Local Safeguarding Children Board when a child dies or seriously injured, abused or neglected. This is an inter agency forum set up by Local Authorities to define and agree how best professional groups co-operate to safeguard children and also to ensure good outcomes for children are in place and achieved . Working Together to Safeguard Children Guidance (2010) Buckley (2003) identifies Child protection conference as a meeting arranged by social services if people are worried about a childs Safety. Child Protection Conference is carried out to decide whether a child is still at risk of continuous significant harm. The purpose of child protection conference is to bring under one roof all concerned and interested parties who are key to the welfare /wellbeing of the child. These include care professionals, medical professionals, lawyers, police, teachers and nursery practitioners. An independent child protection advisor chairs the conference and will meet the parents before the conference to explain all procedures and objectives of the meeting. Previously it was observed before the conference was introduced that the Child Protection system was regarded as inefficient and lacking since all stakeholders were not united and did not communicate effectively amongst themselves exposing a child to further harm and creating opportunity for further har m by not addressing potential risks or communicating concerns. All professionals who attend the conference are required to evaluate the welfare of the child, determine if there is potential danger and decide whether to put the child on the protection register. Care professionals will also decide course of action, such as upholding legal proceedings or criminal investigation if a decision to put the child on the protection register. A child protection plan is designed to control future proceedings regarding safety/welfare of child. The plan will highlight roles within the inter agency and enhance productive communication between individual agencies. After three months a further meeting is held to review and monitor progress. Every six months review child protection conferences are carried out. If any concerns or any of the elements in the plan are not working well they can be altered. There will also be discussion on every conference whether your child needs to remain on the Child Pr otection register. Access to file, confidentiality and complaints procedures will be adhered to. A number of legislation is relevant to the Child Protection agenda. The Childrens Act 1989 believes Children are generally best looked after within the family, with both parents playing a full and without resorting to legal proceedings. The welfare of the child is significant and their wishes should be taken into account seriously. The act seeks where possible to protect children within their families. A number of provisions were designed to improve the family and home environment to protect children. Inter communication between multi disciplinary agencies was encouraged to indentify/ address risks to a child/children so as to safeguard and protect children. Sections 17. 27 and 47 (cite) the Childrens Act 2004 highlights the need for increased accountability, integrated planning, multi- disciplinary planning and delivery of services and above all providing for children with special needs. The Human Rights Act 1998 embraces the European Convention on human Rights into UK law. Although it does not specifically mention children because they are treated as persons in the eyes of the law just as adults. The adoption and Childrens Act 2002 amends the Childrens Act 1989 by recognising the definition of harm to include witnessing domestic violence. Following Victoria Climbes death at the age of eight Lord Laming was asked to conduct an inquiry to establish whether a new legislation was needed or any other recommendations to improve the Child Protection in England. As a response keeping child safe report (Dfes 2003) and the Every Child Matters Green Paper DEFS (2003) which later became Childrens Act (2004). The Childrens Act (2004) does not add/ subtract anything from Childerens Act 1989 instead it sets out an approach to integrate services to children so that every child matters meets the five outcomes: being safe, healthy, achieve, enjoy, make a positive contribution and achieve economic wellbeing. The Childrens Act further places a duty to Local Authorities to appoint childrens Commissioner for England who is accountable for the delivery of service. Local authorities and their partners (police, health services and the youth justice system) have a duty to co-operate in promoting the wellbeing of children and young people and to make necessary arrangements to promote childrens welfare and wellbeing. As required in the lay out working together to safeguard children statutory guidance, non statutory ( area in protecting committees are replaced by the new local safeguarding children bears. They are trusted with further functions of reviewing and investigating (section 14) which they use to review all child deaths in their area. It also revises legislation regarding physical punishment by making it an offence to hit a child to an extent of causing mental harm on the skin (section 58) which repeats the defence provided to parents on reasonable chastisement of the children and Young P ersons Act 1993. The 2006 Children and Adoption Act enforces contact / contact orders when separated parents are in dispute giving more flexible powers to facilitate contact. As recommended in the Care Matters White Paper (Dfes 2007) the children and Young Persons Act is expected to give and provide high quality care and services for children in care and places a duty on registrars to notify local safeguarding board on all deaths Daniel and Ivatts (1998). The Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009 requires UK Border Agency to recognise and promote safedguarding childrens welfare section 55 in line with other public organisations that have contact with children. The apprenticeships,skills, children and Leaarning Act 2009 requires two local lay community members sitting on each local safeguarding children board. Some of the provisions in the Act have been targeted for repealing by the coalition government including the duty on schools to promote the wellbeing of children and the requirement to set up childrens trust and draw up children and Young Peoples plans (Dfe 2010) There is also legislation that has been set up to protect children by monitoring adults who pose a risk,creating offences which they can be charged and stopping them from working with children. These are the sex offenders Act 1997, Sexual Offences Act 2003, Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003, Domestic Violence , Crime and Victims Act 2004 guidance on offences against children,the serious organisational crime and police Act 2005, the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 after the death of Holly and Jessica. The forced marriages Act Civil Protection 2007 and the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008. Out of all the legislation it is important to mention that they do not cover the minimum age at which a child may be left alone and how old a baby sitter should be. Having explored the child protection system and legislation it is important to address one of the critical debates in the topic which is: Does child protection work in all communities especially the ethnic minority and disabled groups? Most recent research carried out has revealed so far some of the issues which are far reaching as shortcomings. It has been suggested that new research shold explore the family structures and values on how different ethnic minority groups slip into situations requiring child protection. Highly focused studies are neede to focus and understand how some practices and beliefs in specific minority groups such as genital mutilation or the racial abuses of mixed heritage children brought up in white families. Qualitative studies into attitudes towards sexuality in different cultural and faith groups. Maybe the time limits regulating initial assessment s into culturally sensitive work re impacting on complex work to be properly carried out (such as refugee fa milies) The courts , conbferences and social work practice must be aware and pay attention to the needs of ethnic minoritoies . If these are addressed then the child protection system will be ethnically tolerant and culturally competent in the best of the chid and as hood practice. Thoburn et al (2006). Disabled children are more still likely to be abused and neglected because they rely on institutions which have a history of failing over the past decades. The institutions either lack the resources, capacity and transparency in addressing abuse/neglect and also inefficient procedures to guarantee disclosure to assist disabled children to overcome the communication barrier especially on abuse. Worse still there is more vulnerability to children whose parents are disabled. There is more likelihood of them being taken into care on the grounds of neglect than those children whose parents are not disabled. Organisations and local authorities need more structures in place and transparency to help vulnerable children and families to be able to communicate and express their worries, fears and anxieties Corby (2006). LEAFLET COMMENTARY 500 WORDS NEGLECT AND EMOTIONAL ABUSE. WHY THIS AREA? It has been a neglected area since the death of Maria Colwell Professionals focused on physical and sexual abuse. This meant the neglect and emotionally abused children and their families were not adequately represented thus getting limited resources and being filtered out of the Child protection system. When the Childrens Act 1989 was introduced it tried to address these issues and further went on to introduce registrations in the neglect/ emotional abuse category. This commitment is of great significance to practitioners whose objective is to tackle any form of child maltreatment as resources became available. Development of Identity as a Blogger | Proposal Development of Identity as a Blogger | Proposal Piyas Roy FORMATION AND TRANSFORMATION OF BLOGGER AS AN IDENTITY IN BANGLADESH INTRODUCTION General Overview As first evolved, the idea of being a blogger, always been counted as someone being technologically advanced, as long as a socially aware person with a good knowledge on contemporary reality with a good sense of expression through different forms of text. The identity of a blogger in the early days was so influential that, creative thinkers having least knowledge on blogging got huge interest over it and started to introduce themselves as a blogger, instead of just a creative fellow or a writer or anything else. But a single incident took place in the year of 2013 has drastically changed the scenario. Peoples of Bangladesh, where the country’s population is Muslim majority, started treating the bloggers in a generalized way as Islam hater atheists in general. Not only the disparity in ideology, but the situation turned so awful that holding the religious agenda, incidences like assassination of bloggers started taking place in the history of Bangladesh. In this study, I will t ry to find the formation and reformation of blogger, as an identity in Bangladesh thorough its impact on socio-religious ideology and how the ideology of freethinker bloggers get perceived by the members of different stakeholders. Background of the Study Being introduced in the year or 1996, the initial use of VSAT and dial-up based internet brought first change in Bangladeshi computing with the world wide web while the cyber space gathering was mostly based on yahoo groups (Sabir, 2015). On the other hand Justin Hall’s created the first ever blog in the internet history opened a new dimension which has been categorized and titled by Weblog by online diarist Jorn Barger in December 1997. As the technology got improved Blogger introduced the first ever free blogging platform in August 1999 which was a revolution for the blogger community, though that blogging was in an individualistic manner for each blogger to writing blog post separately onto their own platform (Thompson, 2006). For Bangladeshi bloggers the first revolutionary attempt was somewhereinblog.net which started the community Bengali blogging platform from 15 December of 2005. Bloggers of which platform later on diversified in some other platforms like amarblog.com, sachalayatan.com, mukto-mona.com and so on, turning blogging as a trend for the people of new generation. The trend of blogging turned so popular that some mainstream newspapers online version and online newspapers like the Daily Prothom Alo, introduced blogging facility as a scope of citizen journalists for inviting bloggers to become voice for the voiceless citizens. The first generation bloggers have not bounded within the lines of blogs only, but also widened their blogging in social network platforms also, mostly in Facebook. In February 6 2013, The International Crimes Tribunal-2 sentenced Jamaat-e-Islami leader Abdul Quader Mollah to life in prison for his against humanity role during the liberation war of Bangladesh. To raise voice against that unfair verdict Bloggers and Activist Network initiated the protest by organizing a human chain in front of the National Museum, which ignited the huge nationalist movement of Shahbagh, demanding the death penalty of war criminals or Liberation war of 1971. When the rebellion movement was at its pick, a blogger and one of the initiator of Shahbagh movement Ahmed Rajib Haidar, was found dead by stabbing on February 15 near his house. From investigation, it was found that Rajib was threatened by some Islamic Fundamentalists for his involvement with Shahbagh movement and his online activities in against of Islamic sentiment. That particular assassination has started the series of killing in Bangladesh, targeting the bloggers and online activists. The next victim was another blogger Mamun Hossain, who has been hacked to death in Dhaka with the same acquisition of spreading hate speeches in against of Islamic religious sentiment. Another private university student and online activist Ashraful Islam also found dead in his flat in Savar, having a deep cut injury in throat. Islamic fundamentalists got accused for this case also. Some of those attacks got failed, such as in case of blogger Asif Mohiuddin, later who has to leave country and started living in United Kingdom, as provided Asylum by the government for his life threat in Bangladesh. In March 2013, in a meeting with Prime Minister’s Office Allama Muhammad Mahbub Alam, Editor of Dainik Al Ihsan accompanied with a group of Islamic fundamentalists suggested repentance (‘tauba’) for the bloggers who are accused of making offensive statements against Islam and its Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) enclosing a list of 84 bloggers acting in that objectionable norms and a request to the government to shut down all those blog sites including somewhereinblog.net, amarblog.com, mukto-mona.com, sachalayaton.com and some others which are severely used by claimed atheists for spreading anti Islamic ideology, according to their claim. It was also found that the series or killing was miraculously following that list of 84 provided by Islamist leaders. That series killing has got an update this year on February 26, by the brutal assassination of freethinker, founder for Muktomona blog and science writer Avijit Roy near Ekushey Book Fair. Avijit’s wife and another blogger Rafida Ahmed Bonya got severely wounded during that same attack after recovering has to leave country and fly back to USA alone, from where those two came to Bangladesh to visit this year’s book fair few days ago. Prime suspect Farabi Shafiur Rahman got arrested by law enforcement agencies few days later, as he was accused for threatening Avijit over social networks for last few years d ue to his pro thinking and writings. On the contrary a miscreant cyber group Ansarullah Bengali Team claims their success in murdering Blogger Avijit through their Twitter Account. Here is not the end. Till date the latest incident took place with blogger Washiqur Rahman, on March 30 in Dhaka for the same acquisition of anti Islamist writing and practicing atheism in public sphere. Analyzing the total series of killing, the acquisition comes in front referring the bloggers and online activists being atheist and anti Islamist. Basically that identity of bloggers was used as an effective weapon by the Jamaat-e-Islami to divert the attention of people from the revolutionary demand of punishing the war criminals of 1971 with maximum penalty. On the contrary either the bloggers are being threatened of killing, leaving the country for securing their life, or started leading a new life leaving the unforgotten blogger identity aside, for the sake of security. Operational Definition Blog The word blog is a shortened form of the word Weblog, which refers to some websites, easily counted as the digital version of diary, where the publisher write posts in regular basis with identical date stamps for the posts for each days separately. Though firstly blog writing was and individual task for each blogger, later on community blogging platforms like forums or community blog sites evolved with the feature of all the bloggers to gather in a single space so share their thoughts and to place opinion on each other’s ideas. Blogger In general, the people who writes blog regularly, is known as blogger. But in case of Bangladeshi people someone who has the authority to write something over cyberspace either in blogs or in social media platforms, be counted as blogger. Research Question Throughout this research, I will try to find out the possible answers for the following questions: How the identity of blogger in different blog sites is formulated in Bangladesh? How the ideological warfare between bloggers in real space has been provoked by that of the virtual space? How the ideology of blogger has been perceived by different stakeholders/groups? Research Objectives After the successful completion of this study we will be able To understand the building blocks of blogger identity in Bangladesh and its changing form as time passes due to several socio-religious factors. To know how stakeholders from different classes of the society perceive the concept of blogging and the ideology the bloggers promote. To understand the view of blogger community members regarding the current trend of blogging and online activity in Bangladesh. To have a clear scenario of blogging in Bangladesh and to assume its future trend. Rationale of the project For last two years the issue of bloggers has been emerged with high importance. In one side, group of miscreants backed by the fundamentalist are constantly threatening the bloggers to stop their activities against the religious believe. On the contrary, in spite of having the fear of death in front, the bloggers are continuing their activities using different blog sites even in Facebook as platform. To take a control over it, government introduced The Information and Communication Technology Act, 2006, having a very few impact on the bloggers activity. On the contrary the series death incidents of the bloggers turned the government’s role under fire on ensuring citizen’s life security. More specifically the after the brutal death of Avijit Roy, a Bangladeshi American blogger and write known for pioneering Bengali freethinkers has put Bangladeshi law and order system under question in the international periphery. As long as the bloggers, the involved Islamic fundamental forces can be perceived having related to the international Islamic terrorist movement, which can also be a threat to Bangladesh’s global image and its diplomatic relation with other countries. So undoubtedly the issue regarding bloggers is a highly emerged one among the contemporary Bangladeshi social issues. Significance of the Research Till date, some blogs post, articles have been worked on bloggers’ identity formation and reformation in Bangladesh, in a scattered manner in different platforms from online publications, social media to newspapers. But no academic research has been done yet on such important topic. I hope this research can focus on the subjected topic immensely to have a better idea about the bloggers identity issues along with the ideological warfare of virtual world, impacting on the rage of fundamentalist in against of blogger community as a whole. Scopes and Limitations General purpose To determine the way how different stakeholders perceive the identity of a blogger, how that identity can come across evolution influenced by social factors and finally how the identity of virtual space can impact in real world. Subject matter Blogger identity, ideological clash with fundamentalism and its acceptance and denial in different categories of stakeholders in the society. Limitation of study This research will focus on the identity formation of only the Bangladeshi bloggers. Bloggers from other countries will not be accountable in this research. Also in different social issues bloggers often got involved in creating public opinion and awareness, even getting opposing with the governmental or any other influential forces. But all the ideological conflict issue will not be covered in this research. Instead of only bloggers ideological clash with the fundamentalist Islamic force, their ideological warfare will be counted as the matter to discuss about throughout this research work. Population or universe Bloggers and online activists playing the role of acting force of fundamentalist movement, Stakeholders from different phase of society. Locale of the study Bloggers and associated different stakeholders originated in Bangladesh. Period of the study: From the historical point from where journey of community blogging started its journey to 2016. Bibliography Sabir, S. A. (2015, February 04). History Evolution of Bangladesh Internet. Retrieved April 19, 2015, from Bangladesh Network Operators Group: http://www.bdnog.org/v2/conference_paper/Bangaldesh-Internet.pdf Thompson, C. (2006, February 20). The Early Years: A Timeline of How Blogging All Began. Retrieved April 19, 2015, from NYMag: http://nymag.com/news/media/15971/